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How would you differentiate a discrete from a continuous random variable?

 Many business activities generate data that can be thought of as random. An example described in the textbook is the servicing of cars at an oil change shop. Each car entering the shop can be considered an experiment with random outcomes. A variable of interest in this experiment could be the amount of time necessary to service the car. Service time will vary randomly with each car.

We can often capture the most relevant characteristics of a stochastic process with a simple probability distribution model. We can then analyze the model to make predictions and drive decisions. For instance, we could estimate the number of technicians the oil change shop needs to service demand on a Saturday afternoon. Discuss the following:

  • What is a random variable?
  • How would you differentiate a discrete from a continuous random variable?

A laptop manufacturing company has implemented a 2-step process to test the quality of each production batch. In the first step, a technician randomly selects 15 laptops from the batch and determines whether they meet specifications. The batch is considered acceptable provided no more than 1 laptop fails to meet specifications. Otherwise, the entire batch must be tested in the second step. Historical data shows that 95% of the laptops produced adhere to specifications. Discuss the following:

  • What are the 4 characteristics of a binomial experiment?
  • Can we use a binomial distribution to model this process?
  • What is the probability that the entire batch unnecessarily has to be tested if in fact 95% of its laptops conform to specifications? (Hint: Use Excel’s =BINOMDIST() function to find the probability.)
  • What is the probability that the batch is incorrectly accepted if only 75% of its laptops conform to specifications?

Due Day 7

Reply and or respond to at least 2 of your classmates or your faculty member, and/or address the following subjects:

  1. Explain what we mean when we identify “cause and effect”.
  2. How are percentages an important part of determining probability?
  3. Why do we use “degrees of freedom?”
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Differentiate between Post-Positivist Paradigm (quantitative) and interpretive (qualitative) or critical

Benchmark – Data Collection Design

This assignment should be a continuation from your literature review from unit 2. The Literature Review is ATTACHED

Part 1: When doing research, you need to be able to specify how you are going to collect your data. Explain the data collection process by writing a 500-750-word proposal that:

1. Describe Sampling Methods

2. Explain Measurements Levels (Unitization)

3. Differentiate between Post-Positivist Paradigm (quantitative) and interpretive (qualitative) or critical

Part 2: When doing research, you also need to design methods of effectively answering your research question(s) and accurately testing your hypothesis. For this part of the assignment, you will be utilizing a survey design. In the survey, you need to include:

1. Ten scale items that will serve as a composite measure

2. Four demographic/population questions

3. One open-ended question

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite for plagiarism check. 

Benchmark Information

This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competency:

BA Communication

3.1 Differentiate between different approaches to communication research. 

STUDY MATERIALS

Read Chapters 7-8 in The Basics of Communication Research.

Read “Protecting Hyperlinks and Preserving First Amendment Values on the Internet,” by Dalal, from University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law (2011).

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 Read “Follow the Connections! Finding the Big Picture of Internet Communications,” by Maireder, from GfK-Marketing Intelligence Review (2014).

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Read: “Selecting the Survey Method.” URL:http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/survsel.php

View: “10 Step Guide to Questionnaire Design,” by RCU URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=53mASVzGRF4

Read: “Research into Questionnaire Design,” by Lietz. This is the article referred to in the video.

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Read: “Researching Internet-Based Populations: The Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Survey Research: Online Questionnaire Authoring Software Packages, and Web Survey Services,” by Wright, from Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication (2006). URL:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2005.tb00259.x/full?utm_source&globalMessage=0

Read “On the Interpretation of Digital Trace Data in Communication and Social Computing Research,” by Freelon. URL:https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=94723699&site=ehost-live&scope=site

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  • Original and non-plagiarized custom papers. Our writers develop their writing from scratch unless you request them to rewrite, edit or proofread your paper.
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Differentiate between the prospective payment systems for outpatient, home health, physician and non-physician practitioners, and ambulatory surgical settings

Differentiate between the prospective payment systems for outpatient, home health, physician and non-physician practitioners, and ambulatory surgical settings.  In your response ensure that you compare and contrast payment systems for each of the categories listed. 

450 word count 

3 references 

No references older then 5 years old.

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  • Original and non-plagiarized custom papers- Our writers develop their writing from scratch unless you request them to rewrite, edit or proofread your paper.
  • Timely Deliveryprimewritersbay.com believes in beating the deadlines that our customers have imposed because we understand how important it is.
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Differentiate between the use of addictions assessment tools and clinical assessment tools

Introduction

Consider the following scenario:

Terrence is considering next steps for a client, Angela, who has come for therapy at the family counseling center where he works. When Angela scheduled her appointment on the telephone, she had described her concerns with marital difficulties, insomnia, and depression. During her first session, however, Terrence noticed that Angela had a very nervous demeanor, picked at her skin constantly, and had a rasping cough. When Terrence asked Angela about her employment, she admitted that she had lost her job and that her husband was angry about it. She said she was afraid her husband was on the brink of becoming abusive.

Terrence is not sure what to do first. He suspects Angela might have a substance addiction, but clearly she has several interlocking problems, and many are urgent. Should Terrence administer a screening for addiction or a more general clinical assessment? If he does decide to administer an addictions assessment, which of the many that are available should he choose and why?

This week, you differentiate between the use of addictions assessment tools and clinical assessment tools and review several assessment tools in order to evaluate one of them.

Objectives

Students will:

  • Differentiate between the use of addictions assessment tools and clinical assessment tools  
  • Critique an addictions assessment tool

Required Resources

Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Readings

  • Gupta, R., Nower, L., Derevensky, J. L., Blaszczynski, A., Faregh, N., &Temcheff, C. (2013). Problem gambling in adolescents: An examination of the pathways model. Journal of Gambling Studies, 29(3), 575–588.
    Problem Gambling in Adolescents: An Examination of the Pathways Model by Gupta, R.; Nower, L.; Derevensky, J.; Blaszczynski, A.; Faregh, N.; Temcheff, C., in Journal of Gambling Studies, Vol. 29/Issue 1. Copyright 2013 by Human Sciences Press – Journals. Reprinted by permission of Human Sciences Press – Journals via the Copyright Clearance Center.

    Focus on the three Pathways (pp. 577–578).
  • Larimer, M. E., Cronce, J. M., Lee, C. M., & Kilmer, J. R. (2004/2005). Brief intervention in college settings. Alcohol Research & Health, 28(2), 94–104.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.  

    Focus on the section titled “Advantages and Efficacy of Screening and Brief Interventions in College Populations,” paying particular attention to the direct effect of assessment on substance use.
  • Muñoz, Y., Chebat, J-C.,& Borges, A. (2013). Graphic gambling warnings: How they affect emotions, cognitive responses and attitude change. Journal of Gambling Studies, 29(3), 507–524.
    Graphic Gambling Warnings: How they Affect Emotions, Cognitive Responses and Attitude Change by Muñoz, Y.; Chebat, J.; Borges, A., in Journal of Gambling Studies, Vol. 29/Issue 1. Copyright 2013 by Human Sciences Press – Journals. Reprinted by permission of Human Sciences Press – Journals via the Copyright Clearance Center.

    Focus on the section titled “Use of Graphic Images” (p. 510).
  • Nagy, T. F. (2011). Ethics in psychological assessment. In Essential ethics for psychologists: A primer for understanding and mastering core issues (pp. 171–183). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.  

    Focus on the reasons behind selection of different types of assessments and why multiple assessments might be needed. This article also includes excellent information on ethics of assessment.
  • Samet, S., Waxman, R., Hatzenbuehler, M., &Hasin, D. S. (2007).  Assessing addiction: Concepts and instruments.Addiction Science & Clinical Practice,4(1), 19–31. Retrieved from http://archives.drugabuse.gov/pdf/ascp/vol4no1/Assessing.pdf

    Focus on the types of assessments used for addictions treatment and the characteristics of each that might elicit data relevant to addictions rather than some other type of psychiatric disorder. Table 1 on p. 25 provides a snapshot of many common addictions assessments.
  • Suissa, A. J. (2011). Vulnerability and gambling addiction: Psychosocial benchmarks and avenues for intervention. International Journal Of Mental Health & Addiction, 9(1), 12–23.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

    Focus on the section titled “A Hidden Area of Vulnerability: Internet Gambling.” It is suggested that the entire article be read, as it is important. In particular, it provides good information on gambling addiction.

Optional Resources

Week 4 Assignment:

Application: Evaluating an Addictions Assessment Tool

Addictions professionals can choose from many types of tools. Addictions assessments are divided into screening and assessment tools. Addictions screening tools are meant to determine if an addiction might be a possibility; they are not intended to diagnose. Addictions professionals use them to gain a basic idea of an individual’s orientation to an addiction. Addictions assessment tools are typically geared toward detecting dependence on or addiction to a specific, identified substance or behavior. These tools are broader in scope and often take special training and considerable time to administer.

The difficulty often is not in finding a tool to use with a client, but rather in choosing the most effective and appropriate tool from a wide variety. Though choices of screening and assessment tools is often made by the organization in which an addictions professional works, many considerations including cost, time to administer, training, and accuracy enter into the selection of the right test for each individual with a potential substance or process addiction. Thus, it is important that addictions professionals be familiar with the tools available to them and understands the effectiveness of these tools in assessing what they are intended to assess.

In this Assignment, you select one assessment tool from several well-known addictions assessment tools and research and provide an evaluation of its purpose, administration, and efficacy.

To prepare:

Review the Learning Resources, including the following:

  • “Brief Intervention in College Settings”
  • “Ethics in Psychological Assessment”
  • “Assessing Addiction: Concepts and Instruments”

Assignment Directions:

Select one of the following assessment tools, found in this week’s Learning Resources:

  • Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory-3
  • The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test
  • The Addiction Severity Index

Research and select two articles of your choice on your chosen addictions assessment tool.

Submit by Day 7 a 2- to 4-page critique of the addictions assessment tool you chose. Include the following:

  • Brief purpose of the assessment
  • Reliability of the assessment
  • Validity of the assessment
  • Type of normative data the assessment assesses
  • Time of administration
  • Cost
  • Reading level, if known
  • Any special administration considerations (e.g., need for a computer or special training)
  • Benefits and limitations
  • Overall utility of the test in an addictions assessment

References:
McLellan, A. T., Luborsky, L., O’Brien, C. P., & Woody, G. E. (1980). An improved diagnostic instrument for substance abuse patients, The Addiction Severity Index.Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 168, 26–33.

Miller, G. A., Roberts, J., Brooks, M. K., &Lazowski, L. E. (1997). SASSI-3 user’s guide. Bloomington, IN: Baugh Enterprises.

Seltzer, M. L. (1971). The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test: The quest for a new diagnostic instrument. American Journal of Psychiatry, 127, 1653–1658.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Psychology: Evaluating an Addiction Assessment Tool

(Course Instructor)

(University Affiliation)

(Student’s Name)

January 30th 2016.

The Addiction Severity Index (ASI)

            The success of an addiction assessment process depends on the competency of the addiction professional and the choice of the assessment tool, among other factors. Owing to the availability of numerous addiction assessment tools, it is pertinent that an addiction professional to have appropriate knowledge regarding the tools (McLellan, Luborsky, O’Brien & Woody, 1980). Although the organizations often choose addiction assessment tools for specific disorders, having appropriate knowledge regarding the tools ensures that an effective assessment of a disorder is performed. The addiction severity index is a structured interview that is intended to assess several problem areas in substance abusing clients.

            The main purpose of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) is to assess substance abuse, for example alcohol abuse (McLellan, Luborsky, O’Brien & Woody, 1980). The tool provides an assessment of other number of assessment areas, such as employment status, family relationships, legal problems, and psychiatric status (Carey, Cocco, & Correia, 1997). According to (Deady, 2009), the use of Addiction Severity Index (ASI) has yielded mixed results from different populations. However, (Carey, Cocco, & Correia, 1997) and (Deady, 2009) asserts that the tool has been found to have good inter-rater, split half, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Moreover, the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) has been found to have good construct, content and criterion validity. The tool has been shown to have a varying internal consistency scales such as 0.89 for medical problems and 0.65 for employment problems (Carey, Cocco, & Correia, 1997) and (Deady, 2009).           The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) has been used in treatment planning and evaluation (Deady, 2009). The tool typically assesses normative data b………………………..

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According to Gramsci, how can we differentiate between intellectuals and non-intellectuals?

Requirements:

1. Be straight forward

Answer the questions in a very straight forward way

Ex. 1. According to Gramsci, how can we differentiate between intellectuals and non-intellectuals? 

Answers: According to Gramsci, we can differentiate them by:……

2. Provide Real life example!

Most Of the questions are answered by notes and key points, and what you need to do is just:

1. Combine these notes and points into a short essay answer style  that no more than 250 words.

There are only 8 questions not answered and you need to write.