Topic: The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States.
Applied Research Proposal
You began your research proposal in Unit 2 and Unit 3, when you completed the first drafts of the Problem Statement and Literature Review. Now it is time to complete an abbreviated version of a formal research proposal on your criminal justice issue and submit it. The following structure (and page counts) can be used to guide the development of your Applied Research Proposal.
The length of the final research proposal should be 9–12 pages long (not including title page, reference section, or appendices), double-spaced, and use APA formatting. Each proposal should have a title page with: name, date, course, term, title, running head; using APA format.
Your proposal should include the following headings and subheadings (minimum page counts are provided in parentheses):
I. Proposal Timeline: Using the percentages mentioned in the unit Reading, create a timeline (with actual dates) for the completion of each step in your proposed study.
II. Introduction (1 page): This would be an edited version of the introduction you completed from the Unit 3 Assignment.
III. Problem Statement (1–2 paragraphs): Insert the problem statement that you created earlier in this course. Make sure you make corrections or revisions, as needed.
IV. Literature Review (3–4 pages): Again, insert the literature review that you completed earlier in this course, after making any necessary corrections or revisions, following feedback from your professor.
V. Methods (4–5 pages): Outline how you would propose to conduct your applied research study.
Make sure to address the following items:
• Main concepts to be studied (e.g., substance abuse treatment and recidivism).
• Conceptual and operational definitions for your primary study variables. For example, you might conceptualize recidivism as re-offending following completion of a substance abuse treatment program; and you might operationalize recidivism as any conviction for a crime occurring within one year of program completion.
• Research hypothesis/questions that the applied study would address/answer were it to be conducted.
• Sampling design or strategy for your study. Explain how you would identify members of the population and how you would select the study sample.
• Research design. Will the data be quantitative, qualitative, or both? Would the study involve: experimental design, quasi-experimental design, process evaluation design, outcome evaluation design, cross-sectional or longitudinal design, etc.? Explain the rationale for your selections.
• Data collection. How would you collect the data? Would you use quantitative surveys/questionnaires, qualitative interviews, participant observation, focus groups, and/or secondary data, for example? Discuss any data collection tools you would use, including examples of questions you might ask or data fields that you might collect.
• Ethical considerations. Describe how you would ensure the protection of any human subjects and confidentiality of data for your proposed study.
VI. Conclusion (1 page): Provide a summary of the problem and plan for studying the issue, emphasizing why the research is important and what would be accomplished were the proposed study to be conducted.
Demonstrate college-level communication through the composition of original materials in Standard American English. Use examples to support your discussion. Cite all sources on a separate reference page at the end of your paper and cited within the body of your paper using APA format.
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The Problem of Mass Incarceration among People of Color in the United States
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Introduction
The United States is one of the leading countries in the world with the highest number of people under the prison system. When compared with other developed countries such as the UK, Australia, Germany, and France, the United States still exhibit high incarceration rates. Recent studies indicated that historians have joined the disturbed groups of politicians, activists, journalists, attorneys and social scientists who have to acknowledge and recognized mass incarceration as one of the growing concerns (Lichtenstein, 2015). The number of youthful people entering prison has continued to surge despite the efforts put in place by the federal and state governments to minimize the number through proportional and community services. The surging number has a detrimental effect on the overall society because both governments spend a lot of taxpayers’ money to house the inmates. Although the problem of mass incarceration has created many concerns, one of the significant issues is the disproportionate impact the mass incarceration has had on the different racial groups in the country. Numerous studies that have been undertaken in the United States prisons have revealed that the people of color are the most affected. According to (Lichtenstein, 2015) though the people of color have experienced higher incarceration rates above their proportion in the society, the rates has worsened over time. The people of color continue to be incarcerated for minor crimes, which would attract bail and community service. The disproportionate incarceration rates among the people of color have negative implications………. mass incarceration among people of color…………………………………………………………………………………………………
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