Based on the available data, describe how genetic and environmental factors would influence the intellectual development of two identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in two different families—one in an impoverished environment and one in an enriched environment. Would there be differences? If so, why and to what extent, specifically?
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Influence of Genetic and Environmental Factors on Intellectual Development of Identical Twins
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Influence of Genetic and Environmental Factors on Intellectual Development of Identical Twins
Human physical, emotional, intellectual, and psychological development is influenced by many factors. Some of the most important factors that have been shown to have a significant influence on intellectual development are genetic and environmental factors. Although identical twins have similarities in genetic makeup, differences in environmental experiences have been shown to lead to differences in their intellectual development.
Research has shown that an individual intelligence, personality, and temperament are a product of complex interaction of both environmental and genetic factors. Bukatko and Daehler (2012) point out that twins who are born in the same environment share similar genetic makeup, nature, and nurture. However, when such twins are separated and placed in a different environment, their intellectual development is then influenced by the difference in nature and nurture. Such an influence is termed as a nonshared environmental influence (NSE) (Shaffer, 2009). Nonshared environmental influences will have an impact on the intellectual capacity of the two twins. Studies done on the impact of nonshared environmental influence among twins have shown differences in intelligence quotient (IQ) among identical twins. Shaffer (2009) points out that in studies that were done among two twins placed in two different homes indicates that one of the twins had differences in IQ with a correlation of .86. In the case of the two twins born in the same family but raised in a different environment, it is e………………………………………………………………………………………………
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