healthcare LITERATURE REVIEW: Microwave Ablation for the treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Microwave Ablation for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most sixth most common form of neoplasm and is the third leading cause of death. Although its presence is widespread and common in the Asian and African countries, recent studies have reported increasing number of cases in other regions of the world. The disease if untreated is associated with high mortality rates within the first 5 years. Its treatment can be done using the conventional chemotheraphy, surgery, or radiation. However, surgery may not be effective and poses some risks since it cannot be performed on multiple times as hepatocellular carcinoma is malignant. This has led to the development and use of ablation modalities. The two most common types of ablation are radiofrequency and microwave ablation. Radiofrequency ablation has limitations in that they cannot be employed at temperatures beyond 100 degrees Celsius owing to possibility of carbonation and overheating. Microwave ablation is recommended as the most viable and effective method of treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Microwave ablation (MWA) involves the generation of friction and heat by subjecting water to high frequencies. The waves are then transmitted through probes to the targeted regions of the tumor growths. This treatment technique is characterized by high efficacy and ability to focus treatment on the specific tumors within the liver. In addition, MWA is associated with higher estimates of survival rates. It is also cost-effective, can be used with other treatment strategies, can be done repeatedly, and is minimally invasive making it comfortable to use among the patients. Although MWA has limitations such as pain, bleeding, and post-ablation symptoms, the mortality rates at peri-procedural are reported to be less…………………………………………………………………………………………………
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