Tag: budget

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system testing is to test the system until the testing budget is exhausted and then deliver the system to customers

 COM 3019 – SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

1

ASSIGNMENT 3

1. (a) A common approach to system testing is to test the system until the testing budget is

exhausted and then deliver the system to customers. Discuss the ethics of this approach

for systems that are delivered to external customers. (12mks)

(b) Some people argue that developers should not be involved in testing their own code

but that all testing should be the responsibility of a separate team. Give arguments for and

against testing by the developers themselves. (10mks)

(c) Explain why testing can only detect the presence of errors, not their absence. (10mks)

2. (a) Explain why you normally use several architectural patterns when designing the

architecture of a large system. Apart from the information about patterns that I have

discussed in this chapter, what additional information might be useful when designing

large systems? (8mks)

(b) Suggest architecture for a system (such as iTunes) that is used to sell and distribute

music on the Internet. What architectural patterns are the bases for this architecture?

(8mks)

(c) Using the UML graphical notation for object classes, design the following object

classes, identifying attributes and operations. Use your own experience to decide on the

attributes and operations that should be associated with these objects.

i. Telephone (5mks)

ii. A printer for a personal computer (5mks)

iii. A personal stereo system (5mks)

COM 3019 – SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

2

iv. A bank account (5mks)

v. A library catalogue (5mks)

3. (a) A small company has developed a specialized product that it configures specially for

each customer. New customers usually have specific requirements to be incorporated into

their system, and they pay for these to be developed. The company has an opportunity to

bid for a new contract, which would more than double its customer base. The new

customer also wishes to have some involvement in the configuration of the system.

Explain why, in these circumstances, it might be a good idea for the company owning the

software to make it open source. (10mks)

(b) Identify possible objects in the following systems and develop an object-oriented

design for them. You may make any reasonable assumptions about the systems when

deriving the design:

i. A group diary and time management system is intended to support the timetabling

of meetings and appointments across a group of co-workers. When an

appointment is to be made that involves a number of people, the system finds a

common slot in each of their diaries and arranges the appointment for that time. If

no common slots are available, it interacts with the user to rearrange his or her

personal diary to make room for the appointment. (5mks)

ii. A filling station (gas station) is to be set up for fully automated operation. Drivers

swipe their credit card through a reader connected to the pump; the card is

verified by communication with a credit company computer, and a fuel limit is

established. The driver may then take the fuel required. When fuel delivery is

COM 3019 – SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

3

complete and the pump hose is returned to its holster, the driver’s credit card

account is debited with the cost of the fuel taken. The credit card is returned after

debiting. If the card is invalid, the pump returns it before fuel is dispensed. (5mks)

(c) Some people argue that developers should not be involved in testing their own code

but that all testing should be the responsibility of a separate team. Give arguments for and

against testing by the developers themselves. (7mks)

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Development of an operational budget and a capital budget

Create a PowerPoint presentation with 12-15 slides including 200-300 word speaker notes to educate others regarding the development of an operational budget and a capital budget. Be sure to include the following:

  • Provide the process for developing an operational budget.
  • Provide the process for developing a capital budget.
  • Differentiate between the operational and capital budgets.
  • Explain how the capital budget is required for strategic management.

Note: Your presentation must be formatted in APA style with  6 quality references, 4 of which are peer-reviewed sources from health care journals. References should be placed on the Reference slide at the end of the presentation

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Is padding the budget ethical under these circumstances?

Please refer to Chapter 9, “Focus on Ethics” on p. 401. Offer your suggestion/solutions including supporting material if necessary. Make sure your post addresses:

  • Is padding the budget ethical under these circumstances? Discuss.
  • How could you resolve the situation?

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Green Pastures Static Budget Income Statement

Assignment Content
Purpose of Assignment
This comprehensive case requires students to evaluate a static budget and prepare flexible budgets to meet managerial needs. Students are required to calculate and analyze variances and discuss how variances are critical to managerial decision making.

Resources
Green Pastures Static Budget Income Statement
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), U.S. Securities and Exchange Committee (SEC)
Tutorial help on Excel® and Word functions can be found on the Microsoft Office website. There are also additional tutorials via the web offering support for Office products.

Assignment Steps
Scenario: Green Pastures is a 400-acre farm on the outskirts of the Kentucky Bluegrass, specializing in the boarding of broodmares and their foals. A recent economic downturn in the thoroughbred industry has led to a decline in breeding activities, and it has made the boarding business extremely competitive. To meet the competition, Green Pastures planned in 2017 to entertain clients, advertise more extensively, and absorb expenses formerly paid by clients such as veterinary and blacksmith fees.

The budget report for 2017 is presented as an attachment. As shown, the static income statement budget for the year is based on an expected 21,900 boarding days at $25 per mare. The variable expenses per mare per day were budgeted: feed $5, veterinary fees $3, blacksmith fees $0.25, and supplies $0.55. All other budgeted expenses were either semifixed or fixed.

During the year, management decided not to replace a worker who quit in March, but it did issue a new advertising brochure and did more entertaining of clients.

Develop a 700-to 1050-word examination of the financial statements and include the following based on the static budget report:
What was the primary cause(s) of the loss in net income?
Did management do a good, average, or poor job of controlling expenses?
Were management’s decisions to stay competitive sound?
Prepare a flexible budget report for the year.
Based on the flexible budget report:
What was the primary cause(s) of the loss in net income?
Did management do a good, average, or poor job of controlling expenses?
Were management’s decisions to stay competitive sound?
What course of action do you recommend for the management of Green Pastures?

Show your work in Microsoft Word or Excel.

Complete calculations/computations using Microsoft Word or Excel.

Read: Green Pastures Static Budget Income Statement

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Managerial Analysis

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The primary cause(s) of the loss in net income

            Looking at the static budget report, it was evident that Green Pastures’ net income dropped as a result of a declined in the number of boarding days as well as the boarding fee. Analysis showed that boarding days declined by about 13 % from 21,900 to 19,000 which is a decrease of 2,900 boarding days as shown in the computation below.

            The boarding fees also declined by 20 % from $25.00 daily to $20.00 daily as shown in the computation below.

The overall reduction in sale revenue was $167,500 which is about 31 %. The computation of percentage is shown below.

The overall computations of boarding fees on a daily basis of during the two economies (healthy and downturn) are presented below.

Whether the management did a good, average, or poor job of controlling expenses?

            Based on the outcome of the computation, one can conclude that the management did a poor job in managing variable expenses. A decline of approximately 13 % of boarding days should have led to reduction of variable expenses with a similar margin. The computation showed that variable expenses only declined by about half of the margin that was expected to decline as shown below.

This is a clear indication that the management did a shoddy job of controlling variable expenses. However, they did a good job in controlling fixed expenses because they were under budget by $4,000 despite the additional expenses that were incurred in entertainment and advertising.

Whether the management’s decisions to stay competitive were sound?            The decision taken by the management to stay competitive were sound because as they reduced the boarding days, they took a bold decision………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Evaluate a static budget and prepare flexible budgets to meet managerial needs.

Shrewdly designed budgets assist businesses leaders with awareness of expenditures and managing resources. Businesses use a variety of budgets to measure their spending and develop effective strategies for maximizing their assets and revenues. Many types of organizational budgets exist and each have different purposes, strengths, and weaknesses.

Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:
Briefly discuss four types of organizational budgets

Individual Assignment: Managerial Analysis

Purpose of Assignment

This comprehensive case requires students to evaluate a static budget and prepare flexible budgets to meet managerial needs.  Students are required to calculate and analyze variances and discuss how variances are critical to managerial decision making.

Resources Required

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)   

U.S. Securities and Exchange Committee (SEC)

Tutorial help on Excel® and Word functions can be found on the Microsoft® Office website. There are also additional tutorials via the web offering support for Office products.

Green Pastures Static Budget Income Statement

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Grading Guide

ContentMetPartially MetNot MetComments:
Based on the static budget report answered the following questions: o    What was the primary cause(s) of the loss in net income? o    Did management do a good, average, or poor job of controlling expenses? o    Were management’s decisions to stay competitive sound?    
Prepared a flexible budget report for the year.    
Based on the flexible budget report, answered the following questions: o    What was the primary cause(s) of the loss in net income? o    Did management do a good, average, or poor job of controlling expenses? o    Were management’s decisions to stay competitive sound?    
Answered the following question: ·         What course of action does student recommend for the management of Green Pastures?    
Showed work in Microsoft® Word or Excel®.  Completed calculations/computations using Microsoft® Word or Excel®.       
The examination is a minimum 700-to 1050- words in length.    
      Total AvailableTotal Earned 
  105#/105 
Writing GuidelinesMetPartially MetNot MetComments:
The paper—including tables and graphs, headings, title page, and reference page—is consistent with APA formatting guidelines and meets course-level requirements.    
Intellectual property is recognized with in-text citations and a reference page.    
Paragraph and sentence transitions are present, logical, and maintain the flow throughout the paper.    
Sentences are complete, clear, and concise.    
Rules of grammar and usage are followed including spelling and punctuation.    
  Total AvailableTotal Earned 
  45#/45 
Assignment Total#150#/150 
Additional comments:      
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Special Agent Fox Mulder has a budget of $180. He spends it on conspiracy theory magazines (good X) and UFO videos (good Y)

 ECONOMICS AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS (ONLINE)CALCULATIONS & SHORT WRITTEN RESPONSES
INSTRUCTIONS
Undertake the necessary calculations and prepare short written responses for the following four questions. Answers for each question must not exceed 250 words.
Question 1 (5 marks)
Special Agent Fox Mulder has a budget of $180. He spends it on conspiracy theory magazines (good X) and UFO videos (good Y). Each magazine costs $30, and each UFO video costs $20.
(a) Write out and plot Fox Mulder’s budget constraint (2 points).
(b) What is Fox Mulder’s trade-off? How many UFO videos must he give up to purchase an additional conspiracy theory magazine? (1 point).
(c) Upon hearing of Mulder’s obsessive expenditure, his boss, Assistant Director Walter Skinner, cuts his budget to $90. Write out and plot Mulder’s new budget constraint. How has his budget constraint changed? (2 points).
Question 2 (5 marks)
The production possibility table for the making of Karaoke machines (good Y) and moviequality Chewbacca masks (good X) is shown in the table below:
Combination Chewbacca masks (thousands) Karaoke machines (thousands)
A 0 10 B 2 9 C 4 7 D 6 4 E 8 0
(a) Plot the production possibilities data with Karaoke machines on the Y-axis and Chewbacca masks on the X-axis. What is the opportunity cost of the first 2,000 Chewbacca masks? (2 points).
(b) Between which points is the opportunity cost per thousand Chewbacca masks the highest? (1 point).
(c) At point D, what is the opportunity cost of 1,000 more Karaoke machines? What is the opportunity cost of 2,000 more Karaoke machines? (2 points).
1
Question 3 (5 marks)
Best friends Scott Baio and Willie Aames decide to open up a movie poster shop in downtown Los Angeles. The following relationships describe the supply and demand for movie posters:
Qd = 65,000 – 10,000P
Qs = -35,000 + 15,000P
Where Q is the quantity and P is the price of a movie poster in dollars.
(a) Complete the following table (4 points):
Price Qs Qd Qs – Qd Surplus/Shortage
$6.00
$5.50
$4.50
$4.00
$3.50
$3.00
$2.50
(b) What is the equilibrium price? (1 point).
Question 4 (5 marks)
Gene Wilder’s demand curve for lambs-wool sweaters is:
Q = 2000 – 20P
(a) How many lambs-wool sweaters will be sold at $10? (1 point).
(b) At what price would 2,000 lambs-wool sweaters be sold? (1 point).
(c) What would be the total revenue at a price of $70? (1 point).
(d) What is the point elasticity at a price of $70? (2 points).
Hint – for (d) use the following formula:
??
?? = ?????????? ×
??

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Writers Solution

Special Agent Fox Mulder has a budget of $180. He spends it on conspiracy theory magazines (good X) and UFO videos (good Y)

 ECONOMICS AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS (ONLINE)CALCULATIONS & SHORT WRITTEN RESPONSES
INSTRUCTIONS
Undertake the necessary calculations and prepare short written responses for the following four questions. Answers for each question must not exceed 250 words.
Question 1 (5 marks)
Special Agent Fox Mulder has a budget of $180. He spends it on conspiracy theory magazines (good X) and UFO videos (good Y). Each magazine costs $30, and each UFO video costs $20.
(a) Write out and plot Fox Mulder’s budget constraint (2 points).
(b) What is Fox Mulder’s trade-off? How many UFO videos must he give up to purchase an additional conspiracy theory magazine? (1 point).
(c) Upon hearing of Mulder’s obsessive expenditure, his boss, Assistant Director Walter Skinner, cuts his budget to $90. Write out and plot Mulder’s new budget constraint. How has his budget constraint changed? (2 points).
Question 2 (5 marks)
The production possibility table for the making of Karaoke machines (good Y) and moviequality Chewbacca masks (good X) is shown in the table below:
Combination Chewbacca masks (thousands) Karaoke machines (thousands)
A 0 10 B 2 9 C 4 7 D 6 4 E 8 0
(a) Plot the production possibilities data with Karaoke machines on the Y-axis and Chewbacca masks on the X-axis. What is the opportunity cost of the first 2,000 Chewbacca masks? (2 points).
(b) Between which points is the opportunity cost per thousand Chewbacca masks the highest? (1 point).
(c) At point D, what is the opportunity cost of 1,000 more Karaoke machines? What is the opportunity cost of 2,000 more Karaoke machines? (2 points).
1
Question 3 (5 marks)
Best friends Scott Baio and Willie Aames decide to open up a movie poster shop in downtown Los Angeles. The following relationships describe the supply and demand for movie posters:
Qd = 65,000 – 10,000P
Qs = -35,000 + 15,000P
Where Q is the quantity and P is the price of a movie poster in dollars.
(a) Complete the following table (4 points):
Price Qs Qd Qs – Qd Surplus/Shortage
$6.00
$5.50
$4.50
$4.00
$3.50
$3.00
$2.50
(b) What is the equilibrium price? (1 point).
Question 4 (5 marks)
Gene Wilder’s demand curve for lambs-wool sweaters is:
Q = 2000 – 20P
(a) How many lambs-wool sweaters will be sold at $10? (1 point).
(b) At what price would 2,000 lambs-wool sweaters be sold? (1 point).
(c) What would be the total revenue at a price of $70? (1 point).
(d) What is the point elasticity at a price of $70? (2 points).
Hint – for (d) use the following formula:
??
?? = ?????????? ×
??

2

Categories
Writers Solution

Special Agent Fox Mulder has a budget of $180

ECONOMICS AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS (ONLINE)
CALCULATIONS & SHORT WRITTEN RESPONSES
INSTRUCTIONS
Undertake the necessary calculations and prepare short written responses for the following four questions. Answers for each question must not exceed 250 words.
Question 1 (5 marks)
Special Agent Fox Mulder has a budget of $180. He spends it on conspiracy theory magazines (good X) and UFO videos (good Y). Each magazine costs $30, and each UFO video costs $20.
(a) Write out and plot Fox Mulder’s budget constraint (2 points).
(b) What is Fox Mulder’s trade-off? How many UFO videos must he give up to purchase an additional conspiracy theory magazine? (1 point).
(c) Upon hearing of Mulder’s obsessive expenditure, his boss, Assistant Director Walter Skinner, cuts his budget to $90. Write out and plot Mulder’s new budget constraint. How has his budget constraint changed? (2 points).
Question 2 (5 marks)
The production possibility table for the making of Karaoke machines (good Y) and moviequality Chewbacca masks (good X) is shown in the table below:
Combination Chewbacca masks (thousands) Karaoke machines (thousands)
A 0 10 B 2 9 C 4 7 D 6 4 E 8 0
(a) Plot the production possibilities data with Karaoke machines on the Y-axis and Chewbacca masks on the X-axis. What is the opportunity cost of the first 2,000 Chewbacca masks? (2 points).
(b) Between which points is the opportunity cost per thousand Chewbacca masks the highest? (1 point).
(c) At point D, what is the opportunity cost of 1,000 more Karaoke machines? What is the opportunity cost of 2,000 more Karaoke machines? (2 points).
1
Question 3 (5 marks)
Best friends Scott Baio and Willie Aames decide to open up a movie poster shop in downtown Los Angeles. The following relationships describe the supply and demand for movie posters:
Qd = 65,000 – 10,000P
Qs = -35,000 + 15,000P
Where Q is the quantity and P is the price of a movie poster in dollars.
(a) Complete the following table (4 points):
Price Qs Qd Qs – Qd Surplus/Shortage
$6.00
$5.50
$4.50
$4.00
$3.50
$3.00
$2.50
(b) What is the equilibrium price? (1 point).
Question 4 (5 marks)
Gene Wilder’s demand curve for lambs-wool sweaters is:
Q = 2000 – 20P
(a) How many lambs-wool sweaters will be sold at $10? (1 point).
(b) At what price would 2,000 lambs-wool sweaters be sold? (1 point).
(c) What would be the total revenue at a price of $70? (1 point).
(d) What is the point elasticity at a price of $70? (2 points).
Hint – for (d) use the following formula:
??
?? = ?????????? ×
??

2

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Writers Solution

Budget by 20% in terms of costs and completion dat

Project Review

Overview

Imagine that you have completed the same project discussed in your Project Performance assignment. You exceeded the project budget, but you were able to complete the project. However, you were over budget by 20% in terms of costs and completion date. Now, management has requested a review of your project.

Instructions

Write an 8–10 page paper in which you:

  • Provide a brief summary of your chosen project.
  • Identify and analyze the process you would use to close out your project.
    • Determine the main challenges that would occur during the project closeout process, and provide a strategy to address the challenges in question.
  • Select and analyze another computer-based tool, other than MS Project and MS Office (e.g., Word, Excel), that you could use in order to manage project costs and scheduling.
    • Speculate on the overall different project management strategies that you would apply, based on the tool that you have selected.
  • Analyze whether continuous process improvements would have helped the delivery of your project. Provide a rationale to support your response.
  • Speculate on whether using risk management techniques would have affected the delivery of your project.
    • Support your response with at least two examples of using risk management techniques that would have helped you deliver your project on or under budget.
  • Use at least three quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • This course requires the use of Strayer Writing Standards. For assistance and information, please refer to the Strayer Writing Standards link in the left-hand menu of your course. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, your name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcome associated with this assignment is:

  • Propose processes, techniques, and tools that can improve the delivery of a project
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Writers Solution

The states currently have a law in place requiring them to maintain a balanced budget

The states currently have a law in place requiring them to maintain a balanced budget. Do you believe this should be required of the federal government as well? Why, or why not? What might be the ramifications if this philosophy drove the federal budget?

200 or more words

Hyman, D. N. (2014). Public finance: A contemporary application of theory to policy (11th ed.). Cengage Learning. https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781305474253