Lumber Construction is deciding which internal control framework to adopt for the design and operation of its internal control system. Accordingly, the company’s senior management would like you to advise them on the COSO internal control framework.
Prepare a memo to senior management describing the following aspects of the framework: its definition of internal control, its components, and its limitations.
Type your communication in the response area below.
REMINDER: Your response will be graded for technical content and writing skills. Technical content will be evaluated for information that is helpful to the intended audience and clearly relevant to the issue. Writing skills will be evaluated for development, organization, and the appropriate expression of ideas in professional correspondence. Use an appropriate business format with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. Do not convey information in the form of a table, bullet-point list, or other abbreviated presentation
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You will work with one, two, or three of the poems studied this week. Show direct control over theme and analysis. You may incorporate the historical time frame, cultural emphasis, and/or how the author’s background impacted the work.
Lead with a thesis sentence that contains the title(s) of the poem (s).
In brainstorming, consider the angle you intend to use to examine them/it.
Would it help to know their/its context?
How might you define their/its message?
Would comparison/contrast be valuable?
Can you communicate how they/it contributes to the body of literature both idiosyncratic to the Black tradition and broader implications?
Certainly, you are not compelled to work with each of these prompts. They are just here to help you focus.
The assignment is 75 points, uses MLA, and has a fuller discussion in the compacted Week 14 at end of course. Notice the extensive preparation time. Planning is such a valuable tool. So is persistence. 🙂 Scroll to the end of the reading materuial for research helps
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Write 2 pages thesis on the topic course of master of science in management.
I am a critical thinker and fast learner. An MSc in management would help me get a job and possibly good remuneration. I believe that the knowledge and skills I will acquire from Merrick College will help me be in a better position to get more career opportunities. In addition, acquiring an MSc resonates with one of my values, which is to give others and myself the opportunity to develop.
 . . . . . . . . . . . I trust that my decision to study at your esteemed institution is one of the best decisions I have made in life. This is because of the best practices as well as reputation in the course and the entire organization. The university offers courses like Management Planning and Control, Business Intelligence and statistical analysis and many more. Moreover, I am interested in MSc management because it will give me an opportunity to understand more about the management function. I am extremely good at international management, decision making as well as global marketing. Therefore, this course will help me get the bigger picture of international management. .
 . . . . . . . . . . . There are specific aspects that I am interested in while undertaking the MSc program. One of them is writing a good business proposal as this will help me face future clients with confidence, as I will be able to convince clients through my well-drafted business proposal. In addition, the incorporation of group work in the learning process will help me gain more confidence as participation is important. Moreover, the interactions during discussions will enhance my learning as students learn from one another. My professional network will grow therefore giving me an opportunity to find work in better organizations.
 . . . . . . . . . . . My undergraduate program has given me the adequate skills necessary for a master’s program. I am a committed member in various clubs including the management and leadership club that have grown my leadership skills. I am planning to work as I pursue my masters’ course and this will help me get experience in management.
 . . . . . . . . . . . I have both long and long term goals that I am working on. My long term goal after the completion of my master’s degree is to look for a job in China or look for in the United States to enable develop my career as well as be financially stable. On the other hand, my short-term goal is to work hard in school to ensure I graduate with the best grades.
 . . . . . . . . . . . I am confident and determined that the masters’ course in management is the right decision as it will help me accomplish my ambitions. I believe that I will have a competitive advantage as I pursue my masters’ program at Merrimack College. this is because the institution delivers and the students who graduate from the institution are highly competitive. The academic excellence and state of art technology provided by the institution help in achieving students’ goals and objectives. I intend to work hard and produce effective results and in the end, I will be marketable internationally
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QUESTION 1 A researcher is interested in the relationships between the following four variables: On-line game addiction, narcissistic personality traits, self-control, and aggression. Data are collected from a sample of 226 individuals. The data can be found in the assessment SPSS spreadsheet ‘assessment.sav’. For each variable, higher values indicate greater levels of the variable. Analyse the data using SPSS and report the results using standard APA conventions. (20 marks) ? The focus is clearly on the relationships between
On-line game addiction
Narcissistic personality traits
Self-control
Aggression ? State what you are going to do to investigate this
Descriptives
Scatterplots ? Pearson Correlations Produce a table of descriptive statistics
Mean
Standard Deviation
Skew
Kurtosis
N ? Comment on any observed deviations in skew or kurtosis (Z-scores that are greater than +/- 1.96) but indicate that no transformations will be performed. Indeed, there are few options for kurtosis and it is not generally seen as a big problem anyway. ? Present scatter plots between all pairs of variables with lines of best fit added.
Could be individually or in a matrix.
Comment on what the relationships look like.
Do there seem to be any outliers, and if so, do they look like they are going to make an unacceptable impact on the relationship observed? ? Present correlations matrix.
Comment on the strength, significance and direction of the correlations. QUESTION 2 Following the initial analysis conducted in Q1 the researcher goes on to look at which of the variables (On-line game addiction, narcissistic personality traits, and self-control) are the best predictors of aggression. Analyse the data using SPSS and report the results using standard APA conventions. (30 marks) ? All needs to be referenced according to APA style. ? It requires multiple regression ? Briefly indicate whether the variables would be expected to be good predictors based on correlations reported in question 1 ? R Squared ? Anova – significance and what it means ? Individual Predictors o Beta coefficients and confidence intervals o T-tests for the beta coefficients § Part correlations (compare to zero order) o Collinearity ? Indicate which appears to be best predictor, second, third. ? State the regression equation QUESTION 3 The researcher also thinks that it is possible that there are sex differences for these variables. You will also find codes for males and females in the data set. Analyse the data using SPSS to investigate this, and report the results using standard APA conventions. (20 marks) ? All needs to be referenced according to APA style. ? State that you performed Independent Sample t-tests to identify if sex differences exist. ? Table of descriptive statistics
Mean, SD, N ? Report each t-test separately: EXAMPLE: The 31 participants in the rosemary condition (M = 15.90, SD = 2.45) performed significantly better on time based prospective memory than the 34 participants in the no aroma condition (M = 14.41, SD = 2.451), t(63) = – 2.59, p = .012. Calculation of Cohen’s d indicated the presence of a medium effect size, d = .64, 95% CI [.14, 1.14]. ? Draw an overall conclusion. Are there sex differences? Which variables? How big? Consistently in the same direction? QUESTION 4 As I further investigation, the researcher wants to see if playing a violent video game increases levels of aggression. She runs a study in which aggression levels are measured in 40 participants before and after playing a violent video game. Use SPSS to compare the variables Aggro_pre and Aggro_post in order to answer this question. (10 marks) ? All needs to be referenced according to APA style. ? State that you performed a Paired samples t-test to see if aggression after playing the game is greater than before. ? Table of descriptive statistics o Means, SD, N o Report t-test. EXAMPLE: The results from the time based prospective memory test (M = 15.12, SD = 2.42) and the event based prospective memory test (M = 15.75, SD = 1.64) revealed significantly better performance for event based prospective memory, t(64) = -2.11, p = .039. Calculation of Cohen’s d indicated the presence of a small effect size, d =.26, 95%CI [.01, .50]. ? Draw a conclusion. Is the effect potentially important? QUESTION 5 (Needs bibliography review) Explain the advantage of reporting effect sizes in addition to significance levels. (20 marks) ? What is statistical significance? ? What is effect size? ? The distinction between statistical significance and scientific (or practical) importance. ? Give an example. ? Factors that affect significance ? Problem with effect sizes eg many different types ? Value of effect size in addition to statistical significance ? Overall summary/conclusion ? All needs to be referenced according to APA style
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A new control station P, is to be established from existing coordinated control stations R and S. The distances between RP and SP were measured as 3051.630 and 1980.270 m respectively. The coordinates of station R are given as 10000.00 mE, 10000.000 mN and for station S are as 13462.560 mE and 11373.620 mN. Station P is south of station R.
Calculate:
Bearing RP
Bearing SP
Use both survey lines RP and SP to calculate coordinate station P and make sure they give you the same answer.
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Plea Bargaining or “I did not commit that crime but I will agree to this one for 3–5 years or probation” The criminal court operates under two models: The crime control model (that relies heavily on plea bargaining and guilty pleas) and the due process model (that provides a full trial process). A comparison of these models was exemplified in a classic 1968 article by Herbert Packer: Two Models of the Criminal Process. The issue of plea bargaining has become a very controversial issue within the court system. Overburdened courts and endless dockets are causing the system to collapse and as a result, many prosecutors have turned to plea bargains to reduce the strain. The fast track between probation and reduced sentences has not been without controversy. Although plea bargaining is often criticized, more than 90% of criminal convictions come from negotiated pleas. Thus, less than 10% of criminal cases go to trial. In a 4 page paper (1,000 to 1,250 words), identify the associated issues with plea bargaining. Does it undermine the system of law? If so, how? What are the incentives behind plea bargaining for judges, prosecutors, and defendants? Explain your answers and cite examples to support your position. Additional Reference Information crime control model Below are two Library articles that addresses plea bargaining. Bowers, J. (2007). Grassroots plea bargaining. Marquette Law Review, 91(1), 85–121. Fisher, T. (2008). The boundaries of plea bargaining: Negotiating the standard of proof. The Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 97(4), 943–1007. Note: This Assignment will require outside research. Use at least two credible sources beyond the text material. Also discuss how you evaluated the credibility of the resources used. You may consult the Library, the Internet, the textbook, other course materials, and any other outside resources in supporting your task, using proper citations in APA style
When one considers that 95% of all the convictions in the USA are via guilty pleas, criminal law can be said to exist in the shadow of plea bargaining. Further, plea bargaining does not reflect statutory law especially for petty cases. An example is the offense of loitering to beg that was considered an offense pre-2005 despite the Second Circuit considering the offense unconstitutional since there was no valid law to cast a shadow. In 2005, there was a class-action suit by lawyers to enjoin the enforcement of the loitering statute, yet the New York Police Department (NYPD) made a further fifty eight arrests and issued 641 summonses even after filing of the suit in addition to the 1876 arrests based on the unconstitutional charge between 1992 and 2004 (Bowers, 2007). Notably most of the arrested people pleaded out.
While the traditional inquisitorial system of justice does not usually offer any incentives, transplants offer incentives to the various parties involved, as discussed in the section on incentives below. The incentives determine the course of plea bargaining, making the latter inconsistent with the desired outcomes as proscribed by law systems (Garoupa and Stephen, 2008). In so doing, plea bargaining thus undermines the system of law that has defined statutes and consequences for breaching them; especially in situations where the legal system has no mechanisms to redress the criminal litigation principle-agent problems.
Nonetheless, in the USA where “a plea bargain is an agreement between the state and the defendant…approved by the court, …the validity of a plea bargain must meet certain constitutional norms in addition to any local statutory requirements or rules of the court” with it being “the court’s duty to insure that all the necessary elements of a valid guilty plea have been met” (Garoupa and Stephen, 2008. Consequently, it can be argued that USA’s system of law lessens undermining of the legal system through plea bargaining by having strict control of the process and outcome of the plea bargaining.
However, there are many ways that plea bargaining undermines any legal system, especially the US legal system:
Plea bargaining replaces and or decreases constitutional trials……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… crime control model …..
In order to control the rising health care costs, what is the most effective strategy employers can use? Why should that strategy work? I will give one example of my collegue just have a look in hurry its easy around 200 words with 1 reference its enough
Increasing healthcare cost is a significant problem that facing employers and they are trying to find solutions for that. Some of the causes that lead to increases costs are using new technologies, increasing chronic diseases, and aging. Here I will mention some of the strategies that will help in controlling healthcare costs.
In order to control the rising health care costs, what is the most effective strategy employers can use?
· Use hybrid plans that is based on the previous plan usage of the employee and offer the most services that are used by the employee.
· Consumer driven health plans by supporting the medical care required by the employee.
· Provide high performing narrower networks by using different cost sharing levels that offer right care at the right place at the right cost and ensure better quality.
· Apply pharmacy solutions by encouraging using generic names instead than the brand name.
· Use alternative funding such as wellness programs and cost saving rewards.
· Use right level of care by encouraging right behavior in achieving care and offering plans based on medical information as the basis for plans with built-in incentives to guide members toward following medically proven practices.
· Employee cost sharing by building additional cost-sharing structures into their health plans, by adding more of the costs in addition to the covered employees.
Why should that strategy work?
In my opinion the most effective strategy is the strategies that provide healthcare costs based on the employee previous health plans and medical needs (consumer driven health plans). This will be more cost-effective as it will provide the needed cost only and ensuring providing the appropriate care to the patient.
The delivery and consumption of healthcare involves an interesting spectrum of multifaceted processes. Healthcare provision encapsulates diagnosis, prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, as well as palliative care. The health care provision occurs within the confines of organizations that range from general practitioner to hospital trust, commercial enterprises such as pharmaceutical companies and government agencies. While the demand for resources instrumental in healthcare provision keep rising subject to competing and new treatments as well as an aging population, the time and financial resources remain to be in short supply.
Controlling rising costs in healthcare ought to deal with the utilization of scarce resources such as monetary and human to suit all interventions and treatments that are crucial in improving the health of a community. While more nurses and personnel could be hired, the demand for healthcare will invariably surpass the supply for the resources. Subsequently, this leads to a process of selection in which some interventions and groups of patients are accorded resources while others are not, a process called rationing of healthcare resource utilization. Cost-effectiveness analysis aids in making rationing decisions principally according to the efficiency criteria (Andargie, 2008).
Demand in healthcare is discrete from the demand of other commodities since the incidences of illness, which forms the foundation of healthcare provision, is typically uneven and unpredictable. Authoritative to note, that consumption of healthcare, more especially preventive care, is invariably attributed to positive externalities. Dissimilar to other commodities, therefore, healthcare can only be well evaluated following consumption (Hauck et al., 2004). The general assumption of economic assessment is that the paid cost mirrors the fair reflection of opportunity cost with the primary classes of cost being; direct costs, indirect costs, and intangible costs (Andargie, 2008)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Control the rising health care costs …………………..
It is common industry knowledge that an audit plan provides the specific guidelines auditors must follow when conducting an external audit. External public accounting firms conduct external audits to ensure outside stakeholders that the company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) or International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) standards.
Use the Internet to select a public company that appeals to you. Imagine that you are a senior partner in a public accounting firm hired to complete an audit for the chosen public company.
Write a four to six (4-6) page paper in which you: Outline the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Based upon the type of company selected, provide specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program. Examine at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests to perform. Identify the accounts that you would test, and select at least three (3) analytical procedures that you would use in your audit. Analyze the balance sheet and income statement of the company that you have selected, and outline your method for evidence collection which should include, but not be limited to, the type of evidence to collect and the manner in which you would determine the sufficiency of the evidence. Discuss the audit risk model, and ascertain which sampling or non-sampling techniques you would use in order to establish your preliminary judgment about materiality. Justify your response. Assuming that the end result is an unqualified audit report, outline the primary responsibilities of the audit firm after it issues the report in question. Use at least two (2) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources. Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions. Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length. The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are: Plan and design a generalized audit program. Determine the nature and extent of evidence accumulated to conduct an audit after considering the unique circumstances of an engagement. Evaluate a company’s various risk factors and the related impact to the audit process. Evaluate effective internal controls that minimize audit risk and potentially reduce the risk of fraud. Use technology and information resources to research issues in auditing. Write clearly and concisely about auditing using proper writing mechanics.
Audit Planning and Control: A Case of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is one of the leading retail store outlets in U.S, with retail stores in various parts of the world. Carrying out an audit planning and control for Wal-Mart will probably be one of the intriguing jobs for any accountant and this is the reason the company was chosen for the sake of this paper. However, for auditing purposes, there is need to define critical steps for planning and design of an effective audit program.
Critical Steps Important for Planning and Design of an Effective Audit Program
Audit planning amplifies the general requirement that an effective audit program must be planned for effective, efficient and timely audit to be done. Gupta (2005) asserts that audit planning facilitates identification of problems, expedites completion of work, allows proper utilization of assistants, allows coordination of work done by auditors and experts and allows devotion of appropriate attention to important areas. Among the elements of audit planning is the identification of critical steps that are important for audit planning and design. The following are the critical steps that are important for planning and design of an effective audit program for Wal-Mart Inc. There is need to consider the duties and responsibilities as defined by the terms of agreements between Wal-Mart Inc., and the external