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According to the video clip from the Economist, why is the deep sea “the final frontier on planet Earth”?

using the attachments and the video link about to answer the questions below. 400 Words 

  1. According to the video clip from the Economist, why is the deep sea “the final frontier on planet Earth”? What are the needs and/or the advantages of seabed mining?
  2. Childs shows us how Nautilus Minerals have legitimized seabed mining in Papua New Guinea despite rising social and ecological concerns. Dover also argues that we need to tighten regulations on deep-sea mining. Synthesizing these readings, what do you think are the disadvantages/negative effects of seabed mining?
  3. Comparing the pros and cons of seabed mining, what is your own view on seabed mining? Do we need it? If so, when and how? If not, why?
  4. © IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) – 28 rue Mauverney, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland – Tel.: +41 22 999 0000 – Fax: +41 22 999 0002
  5. JULY 2018 DEEP-SEA MINING • Deep-sea mining is the process of retrieving mineral deposits from the deep sea – the area of the ocean
  6. below 200 m. Depleting terrestrial deposits and rising demand for metals are stimulating interest in the deep sea, with commercial mining imminent. The scraping of the sea floor and pollution from mining processes can wipe out entire species – many yet to be discovered. Environmental impact assessments, effective regulation and mitigation strategies are needed to limit the impacts of deep-sea mining. Comprehensive baseline studies are needed to improve our understanding of the deep sea.
  7. •
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  11. What is the issue? Deep-sea mining is the process of retrieving mineral deposits from the deep sea – the area of the ocean below 200 m which covers about 65% of the Earth’s surface.
  12. There is growing interest in the mineral deposits of the deep sea. This is largely due to depleting terrestrial deposits for metals such as copper, nickel, aluminium, manganese, zinc, lithium and cobalt, coupled with rising demand for these metals to produce high-tech applications such as smartphones and green technologies such as wind turbines, solar panels and electric storage batteries.
  13. Deep-sea mining activities within the Exclusive Economic Zones of countries and in areas beyond national jurisdiction © IUCN
  14. So far, the focus has been on exploring the deep sea – assessing the size and extent of mineral deposits. By May 2018, the International Seabed Authority (ISA) – which regulates activities in areas beyond national jurisdiction – had issued 29 contracts for the exploration of deep-sea mineral deposits. More than 1.5 million km2 of international seabed – roughly the size of Mongolia – have been set aside for mineral exploration in the Pacific and Indian oceans, and along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
  15. But exploration may soon give way to exploitation. Commercial mining in national waters of Papua New Guinea is predicted to begin by 2020. Mining in international waters is expected to commence in 2025.
  16. Why is this important? The seafloor contains an extensive array of geological features. These include abyssal plains 3,500–6,500 m below the sea surface, volcanic underwater mountains known as seamounts, hydrothermal vents with bursting water heated by volcanic activity, and deep trenches such as the Mariana Trench, which at almost 11,000 m is the greatest depth registered in the ocean. These remote areas support species that are uniquely adapted to harsh conditions such as lack of sunlight and high pressure. Many of these species are unknown to science.
  17. As the deep sea remains understudied and poorly understood, there are many gaps in our understanding of its biodiversity and ecosystems. This makes it difficult to thoroughly assess the potential impacts of deep-sea mining and to put in place adequate safeguards to protect the marine environment.
  18. Based on current knowledge of the deep sea, the following impacts of mining activities could affect its biodiversity and ecosystems:
  19. Disturbance of the seafloor The scraping of the ocean floor by machines can alter or destroy deep-sea habitats, leading to the loss of species and fragmentation or loss of ecosystem structure and function. Many species living in the deep sea are endemic – meaning they do not occur anywhere else on the planet – and physical disturbances in just one mining site can possibly wipe out an entire species. This is one of the biggest potential impacts from deep-sea mining.
  20. Sediment plumes Some forms of deep-sea mining will stir up fine sediments on the seafloor consisting of
  21. IUCN website IUCN issues briefs: Twitter: @IUCN iucn.org iucn.org/issues-briefs
  22. http://www.iucn.org/
  23. JULY 2018
  24. © IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) – 28 rue Mauverney, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland – Tel.: +41 22 999 0000 – Fax: +41 22 999 0002
  25. DEEP-SEA MINING
  26. silt, clay and the remains of microorganisms, creating plumes of suspended particles. It is unclear how far these particles may disperse beyond the mining area, how long it would take for the to resettle on the seafloor, and to what extent they may affect ecosystems and species, for instance by smothering animals or harming filter-feeding species that depend on clear, clean water to feed, such as krill and whale sharks.
  27. m
  28. Pollution Species such as whales, tuna and sharks could be affected by noise, vibrations and light pollution caused by mining equipment and surface vessels, as well as potential leaks and spills of fuel and toxic products.
  29. Potential impacts from deep-sea mining © IUCN, adapted from Secretariat of the Pacific Community (2013).
  30. What can be done? A better understanding of the deep sea is necessary to guide mitigation strategies and proper enforcement of regulations in order to limit the environmental impacts of mining activities.
  31. Baseline studies Comprehensive baseline studies are needed to understand what species live in the deep sea, how they live, and how they could be affected by mining activities. More funds are needed for training and educational programmes focused on improving our understanding of the deep sea.
  32. Environmental impact assessments High-quality environmental assessments are needed to assess the full range, extent and duration of environmental damage from deep-sea mining operations. These assessments are also needed to ensure that the loss of biodiversity as a result of mining operations is properly accounted for in mining regulations set by
  33. authorities, well before any decision to mine is approved. The costs to the marine environment should be included in the financial and economic assessments conducted by mining companies.
  34. Mitigation Current technologies may not be sufficient to avoid serious and lasting harm to the environment, including the loss of biodiversity. Mining operations strategies will need to prioritise the avoidance of environmental impacts. This needs to include establishing protected area networks to keep large parts of the seabed undisturbed as well as stringent and precautionary controls on the permissible extent and duration of mining operations. Minimising impacts should involve, among other things, improving mining equipment to reduce seafloor disturbance. Remedying environmental impacts has not yet been shown to be effective in practice.
  35. Enhanced regulation The ISA is operating with the dual mandate of promoting the development of deep-sea minerals whilst ensuring that this development is not harmful to the environment. This challenging and conflicting mandate will require improved oversight by the international community – including government representatives and the general public – to ensure that marine life is adequately protected.
  36. To avoid possible conflicts of interest due to the dual mandate of ISA, the organisation should consider divesting itself of some of its responsibilities, and placing them on independent entities.
  37. Circular economy The repair, recycling and reuse of products should be encouraged to help reduce the demand for raw materials from the deep sea. Enhancing product design to make use of less or alternative materials can also reduce the demand.
  38. Cuyvers, L. et al. (2018). Deep seabed mining: a rising environmental challenge. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN and Gallifrey Foundation.
  39. Where can I get more information?
  40. MIDAS – Managing Impacts of Deep-seA reSource exploitation
  41. IUCN website IUCN issues briefs: Twitter: @IUCN iucn.org iucn.org/issues-briefs
  42. http://www.iucn.org/
  43. http://www.eu-midas.net/
  44. http://www.eu-midas.net/
  45. What is the issue?
  46. Why is this important?
  47. What can be done?
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Writers Solution

Demonstrate the ability to create a final project that uses both research-based and personal content while using presentation software to communicate with an intended audience

Goal: Demonstrate the ability to create a final project that uses both research-based and personal content while using presentation software to communicate with an intended audience. 

Description:

During the first six-weeks you formulated a project plan, researched the content of the plan, and collected quality academic and non-academic sources. For the week 7 Final Project you will create a presentation (CO8) that builds upon the week 2 Project Plan and the week 4 Location and Access (Source Organization worksheet) that effectively communicates the knowledge you have gained during COMM120.

Please consider the following:

  • Presentation will include an introduction, body, conclusion, and properly formatted reference/work cited slide in the citation style of your degree program (APA, MLA, or Chicago).
  • Clear evidence that the topic was researched and expanded upon the week 2 Project Plan (CO2 & 5).
  • Presentation provides audience with information to increase their knowledge of the topic presented (CO1).
  • Presentation engages the audience by using elements such as images, graphs, and charts. Appropriate citations must be included.
  • Three (3) vetted credible sources. One (1) of the sources must be scholarly and from the library.
  • Appropriate length 7-9 slides.

If you have multimedia skills and want to add creative content to your presentation, please do! Try to add any of the following enhancements and as you do, think about how it will impact your presentation and improve communication with the intended audience.

  • Voice narration, closed captioning, script.
  • Appropriate background music (must be cited on reference page).
  • Creative use of slide animations and transitions.

After submitting your presentation, review your TurnItIn Originality Report. (Note: Review the individual flags, decide why that text is flagged, and make corrections as appropriate.). Please see the attached rubric for grading guidelines.

Note: The Week 7 Final Project is a presentation and be turned in as a PowerPoint, a Prezi, or a different type of presentation software. If you chose something other than PowerPoint, you have to do the following

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Writers Solution

Organize your thoughts and the main points of your research for your final presentation

Assignment 2: The Outline

Objective: Organize your thoughts and the main points of your research for your final presentation

Assignment Instructions: To help you complete Assignment 3: The Presentation, you will first submit an outline to organize your thoughts and main points. Your outline should be formatted a specific way and must contain the following elements as described below.

To prepare for this assignment, I recommend that you do the following:

  • Read these directions carefully.
  • Review the sample outline provided to you below.
  • Read the grading criteria. The grading criteria is a detailed evaluation that I will use to assess your performance. It also will help you understand what is expected of you as you prepare your assignment.
  • Message me with any questions!

Be sure to add your name and course number to your outline.

The outline format: Your outline must be formatted as described and exemplified in the example attached. Please note that this format will be assessed in your grade:

  • Use an alphanumeric sequence
  • Sections should be indented and aligned
  • Follow the suggested order of the required elements
  • Use brief but detailed and descriptive phrases.

The required elements: Your outline should contain the following elements in the following order (keep in mind that your presentation, Assignment #3, should be 10-15 slides, so you need to be concise and clear with your information – some information researched will be written on your slides but most will be narrated in the audio portion of your presentation):

I.  Introduction Section – this section must contain the following:

A.  Topic selection and reason for selecting

B.  Thoroughly define the disease/condition

C.  History of the disease/condition

II.  Content Sections – this section must contain the following four main topics (the subtopics are recommendations to use if appropriate to your disease/condition):

A. Statistics/Epidemiology: 

 1.  Statistical prevalence (e.g. overall, gender, age)

 2.  Types of distributions (e.g. frequencies, patterns)

                  3.  Types of determinants (e.g. causes, risk factors)

B. Financial Costs:

1.  Costs to the individual/family

2.  Possible costs to society

3.  Loss of productivity

C.  Anatomy & Physiology/Etiology:

1.  The normal and abnormal structure & function behind the disease/condition

2.  Cause(s) of the disease/condition

D.  Diagnosis/Treatments/Prognosis:

1.  How this disease/condition is diagnosed (e.g. history, exam, diagnostic imaging, labs)

2.  How the condition/disease is treated (e.g. traditional medical treatments, alternative methods of treatment)

3.  The prediction of this disease/condition’s outcome (i.e., prognosis)

III. Conclusion Section – this section must contain four to six sentences that sum up the main topics of the outline.

IV.  Reference Section – This is not just the reference page; rather, referencing should occur throughout the outline as it will in your presentation.  Therefore, your outline should include both a separate reference page containing a minimum of five academically and scientifically credible sources listed in proper APA reference list format AND internal citations throughout the outline where appropriate.  Please be sure to see the resources below for assistance regarding in-text citations and reference list formatting, and/or ask me if you have any additional questions.

Please make note of the following tips and tricks:

  • We understand that this is a rough draft and, as your research and writing continue over the next few weeks, details may be added or changed.  Although you do not have to resubmit it to me, I recommend that you update this outline to help you best complete Assignments 3.
  • Write your outline so that it has detailed bullets that you can easily then flesh out into sentences for the narration of your presentation (Assignment 3).
  • After your outline is complete, I recommend that you next draft your introductory and conclusion sections for your outline.  This will ensure that all the main points of the outline are incorporated in these two framing sections of your final presentation.
  • Please note that less than 10% of your outline or presentation (Assignment 3) should contain direct quotes.
  • All internal citation references should be listed on the reference page, and vice versa
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Writers Solution

Final Lit Rev (Ass 2)

Assessment Details and Submission Guidelines
Trimester T3 2020
Unit Code HC3131
Unit Title Integrated Research Project
Assessment Type 3. Final Report including Research Design and Methodology
Assessment Title Final Report
Purpose of the assessment (with ULO Mapping) The purpose of this assessment is to ensure each student is able to construct a written report demonstrating their understanding of the business research paradigm, appropriate methodology, and required (preliminary) data collection, analysis and interpretation.
A brief separate presentation in-class is required in week11, 12 or 13.
Matches to Unit Learning Outcomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
Weight 50 % of the total assessments
Total Marks 50
Word limit Min 25 pages (7500 words excluding references) Includes Topic definition and Motivation ( Ass 1), Final Lit Rev (Ass 2), Research Design and initial findings

S
Submission Guidelines • All work must be submitted on Blackboard by 12 midnight on the due date, along with a completed Assignment Cover Page. [if no cover page your mark will be reduced -20%]
• The assignment must be in MS Word format, 1.5 spacing, 12-pt Arial font and 2 cm margins on all four sides of your page with appropriate section headings, paragraphing, and page numbers.
• Reference sources must be cited in the text of the report, and listed appropriately at the end in a reference list, all using Harvard referencing style.
Assignment 3 Specifications
Purpose:
This unit aims to give you an opportunity to combine many skills into the production of a high-quality research report .
Assignment 3 –( the Research Design and Methodology, the Final Report) demonstrates an understanding of the business research paradigm, appropriate methodology, data collection, analysis and interpretation.
This assessment builds upon your original topic selection and your Literature Review (assessments 1 &2) in that you are now aware of what additional data is needed for you to answer your research question(s) (as defined at the conclusion of your Lit. Rev.).
To discover the required data may require you to search for additional secondary data in the form of more specific searches , and will most probably also require the collection of some preliminary primary data, by applying qualitative or quantitative methods.
In this assessment you will document the most appropriate way forward by generating a comprehensive Research Design. Your design needs to establish your research strategy and SAMPLING issues practically. What specific types of organisations are you interested in, in what locations and who are you targeting ( Your level of analysis).
If you choose a quantitative approach, you will go ahead and state how you intend to study your question, what data you need, how it can be collected and analysed. [Note that you are NOT required to actually obtain all the primary data]. Collect some exploratory data and discuss this critically.
If you choose a qualitative approach, you will go ahead and decide which method is appropriate and state how you would collect and interpret your data. Again present some initial data e.g .in depth interviews or focus group intrviews.
Your tutor will LEAD and FACILITATE you through the process, week by week. The learning will be progressive, so for best results you will need to be in weekly contact with your lecturer in the weekly classes
Assignment Structure should be as the following:

  1. Introduction (an edited and adjusted version of your topic approval) including a justification for your research question(s). 1- 1.5 pages
  2. Final Lit Review 15 pages ending in your specific research question
  3. A detailed research design, addressing the qualitative-quantitative debate, additional secondary data ( further detailed findings in your specific question), proposed primary data sample size and sampling approach, questionnaire design factors (include some sample questions), data collection method, envisaged analysis and interpretation.
  4. A summary of your findings
  5. A conclusion (relating back to your original research problem and question(s))
  6. List of references in Harvard style (only for sources mentioned in this submission)
    Note: Approval may be requested (Unit Coordinator and Degree Convenor) to undertake this assignment with variation, such as a Business Plan or Business Development Case. If that is approved the Assignment Structure and Marking Criteria may differ accordingly

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Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire. IR Theory Essay

IR Theory Essay: Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire.

Write a 5-6 paged, double-spaced review of Kumar’s book, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire. What does the book offer to students of IR theory, US foreign policy, and world politics?

Make sure to situate the book in terms of debates in IR Theory, and to accurately review the most important themes of the book (see the list of questions I distributed in class; they are also in the dropbox folder). Use plenty of short quotations from the book and reference them with page numbers in parentheses – eg (Kumar, 45). After reviewing Kumar’s key arguments, state any criticisms you have of the book.

Questions are in the attachment