Research and identify three (3) large scale hacks or violations of Internet security that have occurred over the past five years. For each of the hacks, identify the suspected hacker or hacker group, what the hack consisted of, what the hackers wanted, and how the hacked entity was able to fend off the attack, or how the entity resolved the hack if it was successful.
Compare and contrast each of these and write a proposal for an information security review for The New York Times newspaper. This review should include the potential threats, ease of access to reporters and staff accounts, and so on. You should also identify the top three threats to the newspaper in your review.
Your APA-formatted report should be a minimum of 6-8-pages, and include a minimum of 6 peer-reviewed or academic resources
Identify a major breach of a virtualized environment that has occurred in the recent past (within the last five years). For your Portfolio Project Assignment, you will write a critical evaluation of your chosen breach, and review and analyze the breach along the following dimensions:
What went wrong?
Why did it occur?
Who was responsible?
How could it have been prevented?
What advice would you offer to prevent such a breach from occurring in the future?
For the purposes of this assignment, you will write the draft for the Portfolio Project. Your outline should meet the following requirements:
Be approximately 4 pages in length, not including the cover page and reference page.
Your outline should include an introduction, a body, and a conclusion.
Cite a minimum of eight to 10 related sources—five of which should be academic peer-reviewed scholarly sources—to support your positions, claims, and observations, in addition to your textbook.r
Be clear and well-written, concise, and logical, using excellent grammar and style techniques. You are being graded in part on the quality of your writing
Topic document attached.- Capstone Project Organizing of the paper-Outline:
Data Analysis
1. Introduction
• General Background about the data analysis method.
• e.g., This chapter presents the results of data collection and data analysis performed by this research study. The main goal or purpose of this study is to discover and identify issues which….A Google survey form was implemented, and various senior cybersecurity experts/students/ participated in the survey.
• This chapter also contains the results of the study conducted to answer the following research questions:
2. Data Collection
• How?
• E.g., Data collection occurred between Oct 2021 and December 2021. The participants in the survey were….Google Forms was used to present the survey instrument to the participants. A total of xx responses were received, from which % responses were usable. A qualitative data analysis software were used. Once the data was collected from Google Forms, it was formatted in Microsoft Excel (.csv) and imported to [whatever tool you are using].
3. Data Analysis (You may also add here Demographics Analysis)
• e.g. Proper data analysis is instrumental in identifying and aligning the various variables so that a valuable and comprehensive final output can be deduced. Data analysis is a procedure that is one of the most crucial parts of any research work. This study therefore employed a grounded theory data analysis approach to identify and categorize feedbacks from the research participants.
4. Findings
• Here you must clearly identify your findings in graphs/charts and other visualization tools.
• e.g., Participants were asked if …………. And xx% responded that…whereas the remaining xxx%
5. Summary
• A summary of Chapter Four in a paragraph or two.
• e.g., The results showed that most of the organizations in this study do not have……..
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What occurred during the presidential campaign of Jesse Jackson? List at least 3 black political leaders that were important prior to Barack Obama’s entrance onto the national stage? *Focus on the 1980s and 1990s, as that is our time frame.
You must use these two sources, outside sources are NOT ALLOWED.
1.* Chapter 5 has been attached.
2. Do not forget to read the documents they provide and watch the videos. Look at the biographies for the key figures. Read about the important organizations and institutions.
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How much physical change has occurred to our bodies in the last 10 to 20 years as it relates to skin, hair, and or weight? Where do some of the people on the “Ten Most Beautiful” Lists rank on the BMI scale?
Be sure to reference the textbook on your reference page.
Project 4: System Development or Application Assurance
Start Here
It is critical that cybersecurity professionals be able to use all applicable systems, tools, and concepts to minimize risks to an organization’s cyberspace and prevent cybersecurity incidents. In this project, you will demonstrate your understanding of how to apply security principles, methods, and tools within the software development life cycle. You will also apply your knowledge of the cybersecurity implications related to procurement and supply chain risk management.
This is the fourth and final project for this course. There are 13 steps in this project. Begin below to review your project scenario.
Transcript
Competencies
Your work will be evaluated using the competencies listed below.
• 1.1: Organize document or presentation clearly in a manner that promotes understanding and meets the requirements of the assignment.
• 1.5: Use sentence structure appropriate to the task, message and audience.
• 2.4: Consider and analyze information in context to the issue or problem.
• 9.4: Software Security Assurance: Demonstrate secure principles, methods, and tools used in the software development life cycle.
• 9.5: Software Security Assurance: Describe the cybersecurity implications related to procurement and supply chain risk management.
Step 1: Assess Software Vulnerabilities
Project 2 outlined the steps involved to produce a final vulnerability and threat assessment, and Project 3 covered risk analysis and mitigation. Those assessments were across the entire enterprise and included numerous elements outside the realm of systems and technology. However, they did uncover opportunities for improvement in the application software processes.
For this step, return to the vulnerability and threat assessment from Project 2 and focus on all areas of application software that were itemized. Give additional thought to uncover software that perhaps did not make the list or were assumed to be secure and simply overlooked.
The assignment is to create a more comprehensive list of application software that could place the enterprise at risk of a breach, loss of data, loss of production, and/or loss of brand confidence.
The assessment should include the application of secure principles, development models such as the maturity model or integrated product and process development (IPPD), software development methods, libraries and toolsets used in the software development life cycle or systems development life cycle.
Use the Software Vulnerability Assessment Template to submit your results for feedback.
Submission for Project 4: Software Vulnerability Assessment
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In the next step, you will review your organization’s software procurement policy.
Step 2: Review Software Procurement Policy
Upon completion of the software specific vulnerability assessment, conduct a review of the organization’s software procurement policies for software development methods.
Note that there is no submitted assignment for this step. Your review will be used in the submission for the following steps.
When the review is complete, move to the next step, where you will create a table or spreadsheet that lists recommended policies for software procurement that address certain questions or concerns.
Step 3: Create a Software Procurement Policy List
You’ve reviewed the organization’s policies for software development methods. Now it’s time to create a policy list for software procurement. The following are some sample questions to be included in a software procurement policy:
• Does the vendor provide any cybersecurity certifications with the product?
• Does the vendor provide access to the source code for the product? Are there other security issues in source code to be addressed?
• What is the guaranteed frequency of security updates to be provided for the product?
• What is the implementation process for software updates/upgrades?
What are additional questions or concerns that should be included in the procurement process? Create a table or spreadsheet that lists recommended policies to properly address these questions or concerns.
Use the Procurement Policy Template to list the cybersecurity implications related to procurement and supply chain risk management and submit your results for feedback.
Submission for Project 4: Procurement Policy List
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In the next step, you will generate assurances or controls to address each of the policy issues identified here.
Now that the procurement policies have been identified in the previous step, what assurances or controls should be established as policy that would evaluate the security implications during the software acceptance process? The objective is to provide a one-page overview of security testing that would be included in the acceptance of a vendor’s application.
The next step in this project will document the actual testing and validation. This step is simply to verify the congruence between the procurement process and acceptance process. In other words, do the procurement policies establish the correct cyber security framework for software purchase and do the acceptance policies match?
In considering the security implications of the in the software acceptance phase of the development cycle, use the Software Acceptance Policy Template to document recommended tests and assurances for the procurement policies identified in the previous steps.
Submit your results below for feedback.
Submission for Project 4: Software Acceptance Policy
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In the next step, you will research software testing and validation.
Step 5: Research Software Testing and Validation Procedures
Based on the software acceptance policies created in the previous step, consider what testing and validation procedures could be used to assure compliance.
Note that there is no submitted assignment for this step. You will submit the final list of recommended testing and validation procedures in the next step.
Step 6: Document Software Testing and Validation Procedures
You’ve completed the research, and it is now time to create testing and validation procedures that follow a specific process to assure compliance. The key to the success of this step is to document exact procedures to be followed by a testing team prior to installation.
At a minimum, the procedures should address the following questions:
• What are potential vulnerabilities inherent in the application platform?
• How well does the vendor document preventive measures built into the application?
• Are there alternative solutions provided by the vendor or in the application in case of a breach?
• What additional safeguards can be added to ensure the security of the software environment?
The testing and validation procedures should address each of these concerns.
The executive team will want to see specific steps for the testing team to follow as the team members complete the tests and assurances you recommended in the previous step.
Document your specific testing and validation recommendations from a cybersecurity policy standpoint in the Test Script Procedures Template and submit for feedback.
Submission for Project 4: Test Script Procedures
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In the next step, you will consider procedures for upgrading software.
Step 7: Review Software Upgrade Procedures
In the last step, you documented testing and validation requirements. In this step, it’s important to review software upgrades. Installation of a software upgrade has similar, yet unique requirements from the previous steps. In most enterprise environments, software updates and upgrades follow a specific change management routine. However, complete reliance on this procedure can lead to unintended oversight of cybersecurity issues. The change management process is generally focused on detecting errors and the auditing and logging of changes in the operational environment after the upgrade has been performed.
From the cyber perspective, this is not enough. As demonstrated in previous steps, significant effort is required to ensure a secure environment, not just an operational one. The question to be answered is “when” should the upgrade be performed during an application or system change. Should it be performed multiple times during the update?
Think through this issue thoroughly and make notes on your thought process. It is important that the risk analysis associated with an application or system change is conducted at the optimal time.
Note that there is no submitted assignment for this step. However, the research and corresponding notes related to this step will be applicable to the final report for Maria and the other executives. When this is complete, move to the next step, where supply chain risks will be considered.
Step 8: Review Supply Chain Risks
Following the previous steps relative to the supply chain and previous projects, it is time to thoroughly review risk within the supply chain.
Like many companies, your organization is dependent on a supply chain, so the software development process must include a supply chain risk management (SCRM) plan to minimize the impact of supply chain-related risks on business operations and the security of the infrastructures and data.
Note that there is no submitted assignment for this step. The identified supply chain risks will be reported in the next step.
Step 9: Document Supply Chain Risks
After review, it’s time to document supply chain risks. This portion of the overall report requires a two- to three-page narrative that addresses the following supply chain concerns:
1. Describe cybersecurity implications related to the procurement process.
2. Provide recommendations that would address these concerns.
3. Include appropriate supply chain risk management practices.
Where appropriate, cite references to support the assertions in the recommendations and conclusion.
Submit your report on supply chain concerns here for feedback.
Submission for Project 4: Supply Chain Cyber Security Risk Report
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Then, move to the next step, in which you will consider how the procedures of acquisition, procurement, and outsourcing line up in the organization.
Step 10: Consider Alignment Issues
Based on the review and recommendations on the supply chain described in the previous step, consider how well the policies and procedures regarding the acquisition, procurement, and outsourcing of software in your organization are aligned.
Outline a strategic approach to getting all the functions in alignment. There is no submission for this step. The alignment recommendations will be submitted in the next step.
Step 11: Develop an Acquisition Alignment Report
Keeping the alignment issues in mind from the previous step, prepare a one-page plan to align acquisition, procurement, and outsourcing of software applications for the enterprise. This should be a strategic approach to getting all the functions in alignment. Start with a request for information, proceed through acquisition, testing, and implementation, and finish with ongoing maintenance of the application.
All the work has been done in the previous steps. This step is designed to “bring it all together” in one easy-to-understand approach. The approach will be used in the final step to complete the supply chain analysis with a mitigation plan as it applies to software acquisition and maintenance.
Submit your one-page plan to align acquisition, procurement, and outsourcing efforts with your organization’s information security goals here for feedback.
Submission for Project 4: Acquisition Alignment Report
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In the next step, you will consolidate all your work thus far.
Step 12: Consolidate Your Work
The acquisition plan alignment is complete. For this exercise, collate all the material presented in the previous steps into a cohesive presentation that describes the entire software risk analysis processes and articulates specific supply chain cybersecurity threats and the technologies and policies that can be used to mitigate them.
You will use your consolidated results in your final project submission in the next step.
Project 4: System Development or Application Assurance
Step 13: Write the Risk Analysis/Supply Chain Threats/Mitigation Report
Management is always interested in solutions, and Maria Sosa and the other executives at your company are no exception. In the case of cybersecurity, there are no absolute solutions to an ever-changing environment. However, there are steps to mitigation that might eliminate or minimize the results of certain vulnerabilities. This final step is to describe the mitigation strategies recommended as a result of all previous steps in the project.
The final report for the executive meeting should be five to seven pages, only one to two of which will have to be written in this step. The remainder is from all the previous steps in the project.
Use the Supply Chain Risk Mitigation Final Report Template to submit your specific testing and validation procedures.
Check Your Evaluation Criteria
Before you submit your assignment, review the competencies below, which your instructor will use to evaluate your work. A good practice would be to use each competency as a self-check to confirm you have incorporated all of them. To view the complete grading rubric, click My Tools, select Assignments from the drop-down menu, and then click the project title.
• 1.1: Organize document or presentation clearly in a manner that promotes understanding and meets the requirements of the assignment.
• 1.5: Use sentence structure appropriate to the task, message and audience.
• 2.4: Consider and analyze information in context to the issue or problem.
• 9.4: Software Security Assurance: Demonstrate secure principles, methods, and tools used in the software development life cycle.
• 9.5: Software Security Assurance: Describe the cybersecurity implications related to procurement and supply chain risk management.
Submission for Project 4: Supply Chain Risk Mitigation Final Report
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Start by reading and following these instructions:
Quickly skim the questions or assignment below and the assignment rubric to help you focus.
Read the required chapter(s) of the textbook and any additional recommended resources. Some answers may require you to do additional research on the Internet or in other reference sources. Choose your sources carefully.
Consider the discussions and any insights gained from them.
Create your Assignment submission and be sure to cite your sources, use APA style as required, check your spelling.
Answer these essay questions:
Identify a communications difficulty that occurred when you used an electronic channel (Email or SMS) that you believe would not have occurred had you delivered the message in a face-to-face meeting. What was there about the use of the electronic channel that was at the heart of the problem that is not an issue when talking face-to-face? If you have an opportunity to send the same kind of message again by an electronic means, what would you do differently, and why?
Firms are becoming ever more dependent upon electronic communication channels for many reasons, including virtual employees, growth of project complexity, the global marketplace, and the fact that customers can now come from everywhere. Do you believe that high-quality virtual presence (video, audio, shared documents, etc.) is becoming more important? Explain your answer.
It has been argued that bureaucratic control systems are a holdover from a time when businesses, products, technologies, and society itself ran, and changed, at a far slower pace than it does today. Due to the rapid growth of global competition, the acceleration of technological change, and the growing interconnectedness of individuals some believe that bureaucracies should be replaced by more agile and dynamic mechanisms. For example, statistical process control, one of a number of tools and methods W. Edwards Deming successfully advocated after World War II, strived to improve quality and productivity by removing sources of variation. Detractors assert that business in today’s agile world changes too quickly for statistical process control to be useful. Attack or defend the position that the basic ideas of bureaucratic control systems are still relevant in today’s world, and support your argument.
Some argue that the traditional role of managers and bureaucratic control systems are in conflict with the principles and processes of self-management and self-designing teams. It has been suggested that managers need to change to be more like coaches in order for such agile teams to be effective. Attack or defend this idea and support your position.
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