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The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States.

Topic: The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States.
Applied Research Proposal
You began your research proposal in Unit 2 and Unit 3, when you completed the first drafts of the Problem Statement and Literature Review. Now it is time to complete an abbreviated version of a formal research proposal on your criminal justice issue and submit it. The following structure (and page counts) can be used to guide the development of your Applied Research Proposal.
The length of the final research proposal should be 9–12 pages long (not including title page, reference section, or appendices), double-spaced, and use APA formatting. Each proposal should have a title page with: name, date, course, term, title, running head; using APA format.
Your proposal should include the following headings and subheadings (minimum page counts are provided in parentheses):
I. Proposal Timeline: Using the percentages mentioned in the unit Reading, create a timeline (with actual dates) for the completion of each step in your proposed study.
II. Introduction (1 page): This would be an edited version of the introduction you completed from the Unit 3 Assignment.
III. Problem Statement (1–2 paragraphs): Insert the problem statement that you created earlier in this course. Make sure you make corrections or revisions, as needed.
IV. Literature Review (3–4 pages): Again, insert the literature review that you completed earlier in this course, after making any necessary corrections or revisions, following feedback from your professor.
V. Methods (4–5 pages): Outline how you would propose to conduct your applied research study.
Make sure to address the following items:
• Main concepts to be studied (e.g., substance abuse treatment and recidivism).
• Conceptual and operational definitions for your primary study variables. For example, you might conceptualize recidivism as re-offending following completion of a substance abuse treatment program; and you might operationalize recidivism as any conviction for a crime occurring within one year of program completion.
• Research hypothesis/questions that the applied study would address/answer were it to be conducted.
• Sampling design or strategy for your study. Explain how you would identify members of the population and how you would select the study sample.
• Research design. Will the data be quantitative, qualitative, or both? Would the study involve: experimental design, quasi-experimental design, process evaluation design, outcome evaluation design, cross-sectional or longitudinal design, etc.? Explain the rationale for your selections.
• Data collection. How would you collect the data? Would you use quantitative surveys/questionnaires, qualitative interviews, participant observation, focus groups, and/or secondary data, for example? Discuss any data collection tools you would use, including examples of questions you might ask or data fields that you might collect.
• Ethical considerations. Describe how you would ensure the protection of any human subjects and confidentiality of data for your proposed study.
VI. Conclusion (1 page): Provide a summary of the problem and plan for studying the issue, emphasizing why the research is important and what would be accomplished were the proposed study to be conducted.
Demonstrate college-level communication through the composition of original materials in Standard American English. Use examples to support your discussion. Cite all sources on a separate reference page at the end of your paper and cited within the body of your paper using APA format.


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The Problem of Mass Incarceration among People of Color in the United States

University Affiliation

Course

Term

Introduction

            The United States is one of the leading countries in the world with the highest number of people under the prison system. When compared with other developed countries such as the UK, Australia, Germany, and France, the United States still exhibit high incarceration rates. Recent studies indicated that historians have joined the disturbed groups of politicians, activists, journalists, attorneys and social scientists who have to acknowledge and recognized mass incarceration as one of the growing concerns (Lichtenstein, 2015). The number of youthful people entering prison has continued to surge despite the efforts put in place by the federal and state governments to minimize the number through proportional and community services. The surging number has a detrimental effect on the overall society because both governments spend a lot of taxpayers’ money to house the inmates. Although the problem of mass incarceration has created many concerns, one of the significant issues is the disproportionate impact the mass incarceration has had on the different racial groups in the country. Numerous studies that have been undertaken in the United States prisons have revealed that the people of color are the most affected. According to (Lichtenstein, 2015) though the people of color have experienced higher incarceration rates above their proportion in the society, the rates has worsened over time. The people of color continue to be incarcerated for minor crimes, which would attract bail and community service. The disproportionate incarceration rates among the people of color have negative implications………. mass incarceration among people of color…………………………………………………………………………………………………

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The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States

Topic 2: Reflection: Applied Research Proposal
Now that you are near the end of the course, you will discuss your Applied Research Proposal. Answer the questions below.
• What have you learned about applied research?
• Do you feel that you could implement your plan? Why or why not?
• Do you have specific questions about data collection, ethics, or other issues? Now is the time to raise them and get suggestions and answers from your instructor and other students.

Research Topic: The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Reflection on Applied Research

Student Name

University Affiliation

Reflection on Applied Research

            The practice of criminal justice is based on criminological theory. Theories are statements which seek to make sense of the real world. The criminal justice researchers often seek to prove that a theory is valid. Therefore, the criminal justice research remains a critical component of the criminal justice. The study of the applied research that has been undertaken has proved to be informative, providing invaluable lessons that would be applied later in my criminal justice system career. In the course, several concepts and strategies of the applied research have been learned.

            The major concepts that have been learned and have proven useful include conceptualization, operationalization, variables, hypothesis, problem statement, and critique of literature review. Since criminal justice is grounded on theories, conceptualization as basis of theories, will be critical in introducing, communicating, and in the classification of ideas and thoughts. Operationalization will be important in the conceptualization process in describing how a concept will be measured in applied research endeavors.  The knowledge in hypothesis development, statement of problem, determination of research variables, and critique of literature provided invaluable information that would be critical in performing a through criminal justice research process. All the concepts are not only important in applied research but have provided important knowledge that would allow the development of criminal justice research proposal, which would facilitate successful research.             The applied research learning process has been informative and I now feel ready to apply them. The criminal justice applied research course has………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………


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Writers Solution

The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States.

Topic: The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States.
Applied Research Proposal
You began your research proposal in Unit 2 and Unit 3, when you completed the first drafts of the Problem Statement and Literature Review. Now it is time to complete an abbreviated version of a formal research proposal on your criminal justice issue and submit it. The following structure (and page counts) can be used to guide the development of your Applied Research Proposal.
The length of the final research proposal should be 9–12 pages long (not including title page, reference section, or appendices), double-spaced, and use APA formatting. Each proposal should have a title page with: name, date, course, term, title, running head; using APA format.
Your proposal should include the following headings and subheadings (minimum page counts are provided in parentheses):
I. Proposal Timeline: Using the percentages mentioned in the unit Reading, create a timeline (with actual dates) for the completion of each step in your proposed study.
II. Introduction (1 page): This would be an edited version of the introduction you completed from the Unit 3 Assignment.
III. Problem Statement (1–2 paragraphs): Insert the problem statement that you created earlier in this course. Make sure you make corrections or revisions, as needed.
IV. Literature Review (3–4 pages): Again, insert the literature review that you completed earlier in this course, after making any necessary corrections or revisions, following feedback from your professor.
V. Methods (4–5 pages): Outline how you would propose to conduct your applied research study.
Make sure to address the following items:
• Main concepts to be studied (e.g., substance abuse treatment and recidivism).
• Conceptual and operational definitions for your primary study variables. For example, you might conceptualize recidivism as re-offending following completion of a substance abuse treatment program; and you might operationalize recidivism as any conviction for a crime occurring within one year of program completion.
• Research hypothesis/questions that the applied study would address/answer were it to be conducted.
• Sampling design or strategy for your study. Explain how you would identify members of the population and how you would select the study sample.
• Research design. Will the data be quantitative, qualitative, or both? Would the study involve: experimental design, quasi-experimental design, process evaluation design, outcome evaluation design, cross-sectional or longitudinal design, etc.? Explain the rationale for your selections.
• Data collection. How would you collect the data? Would you use quantitative surveys/questionnaires, qualitative interviews, participant observation, focus groups, and/or secondary data, for example? Discuss any data collection tools you would use, including examples of questions you might ask or data fields that you might collect.
• Ethical considerations. Describe how you would ensure the protection of any human subjects and confidentiality of data for your proposed study.
VI. Conclusion (1 page): Provide a summary of the problem and plan for studying the issue, emphasizing why the research is important and what would be accomplished were the proposed study to be conducted.
Demonstrate college-level communication through the composition of original materials in Standard American English. Use examples to support your discussion. Cite all sources on a separate reference page at the end of your paper and cited within the body of your paper using APA format.

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The Problem of Mass Incarceration among People of Color in the United States

Mario Magsby

University Affiliation

Course

Term

March 7, 2019

Introduction

            The United States is one of the leading countries in the world with the highest number of people under the prison system. When compared with other developed countries such as the UK, Australia, Germany, and France, the United States still exhibit high incarceration rates. Recent studies indicated that historians have joined the disturbed groups of politicians, activists, journalists, attorneys and social scientists who have to acknowledge and recognized mass incarceration as one of the growing concerns (Lichtenstein, 2015). The number of youthful people entering prison has continued to surge despite the efforts put in place by the federal and state governments to minimize the number through proportional and community services. The surging number has a detrimental effect on the overall society because both governments spend a lot of taxpayers’ money to house the inmates. Although the problem of mass incarceration has created many concerns, one of the significant issues is the disproportionate impact the mass incarceration has had on the different racial groups in the country.

            Numerous studies that have been undertaken in the United States prisons have revealed that the people of color are the most affected. According to (Lichtenstein, 2015) though the people of color have experienced higher incarceration rates above their proportion in the society, the rates has worsened over time. The people of color continue to be incarcerated for minor crimes, which would attract bail and community service. The disproportionate incarceration rates among the people of color have negative implications, which include the breakdown of social status and economic impact on the affected families since most of the incarcerated individuals are young productive people.

Problem Statement             Mass incarceration is associated with negative economic and……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Writers Solution

The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States

Topic 2: Reflection: Applied Research Proposal
Now that you are near the end of the course, you will discuss your Applied Research Proposal. Answer the questions below.
• What have you learned about applied research?
• Do you feel that you could implement your plan? Why or why not?
• Do you have specific questions about data collection, ethics, or other issues? Now is the time to raise them and get suggestions and answers from your instructor and other students.

Research Topic: The problem of mass incarceration among people of color in the United States

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Reflection on Applied Research

Student Name

University Affiliation

Reflection on Applied Research

            The practice of criminal justice is based on criminological theory. Theories are statements which seek to make sense of the real world. The criminal justice researchers often seek to prove that a theory is valid. Therefore, the criminal justice research remains a critical component of the criminal justice. The study of the applied research that has been undertaken has proved to be informative, providing invaluable lessons that would be applied later in my criminal justice system career. In the course, several concepts and strategies of the applied research have been learned.

            The major concepts that have been learned and have proven useful include conceptualization, operationalization, variables, hypothesis, problem statement, and critique of literature review. Since criminal justice is grounded on theories, conceptualization as basis of theories, will be critical in introducing, communicating, and in the classification of ideas and thoughts. Operationalization will be important in the conceptualization process in describing how a concept will be measured in applied research endeavors.  The knowledge in hypothesis development, statement of problem, determination of research variables, and critique of literature provided invaluable information that would be critical in performing a through criminal justice research process. All the concepts are not only important in applied research but have provided important knowledge that would allow the development of criminal justice research proposal, which would facilitate successful research.             The applied research learning process has been informative……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Consider the problem of dividing $100 among three people. Suppose two of them agree to split that sum, with $60 going to one and $40 to the other.

PUBLIC AFFAIRS CASE STUDY 1 HOUR

MAX 250 WORDS PLEASE EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER use theories     THANK YOU

Case study:

Consider the problem of dividing $100 among three people. Suppose two of them agree to split that sum, with $60 going to one and $40 to the other. The third person, who receives nothing, has an incentive to strike a bargain with the second, offering a split of, say, $50 each, which makes them both better off than under the initial proposal. Faced with desertion, the first person can destabilize the new coalition by offering to accept $45, leaving $55 for one of the others. And so on. The game has three possible (and equally likely) outcomes in which two of the three players accept payments of $50 each, but the third player can always upset the equilibrium by cutting another deal. The same endless series of changing winning coalitions or vote “cycles” can emerge in elections involving three or more candidates or ballot issues when no one of them is strongly preferred by a simple majority of the voters.

Question: It has been recognized at least since the time of the Marquis de Condorcet (1785) that voting among three or more candidates or alternatives may fail to select the majority’s most preferred outcome or may be prone to vote “cycles” producing no clear winner.  Which behavioral science theory is relevant to this case and how might solutions be implemented in this case? 


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Consider the problem of dividing $100 among three people. Suppose two of them agree to split that sum, with $60 going to one and $40 to the other.

 PUBLIC AFFAIRS CASE STUDY 1 HOUR

MAX 250 WORDS PLEASE EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER use theories     THANK YOU

Case study:

Consider the problem of dividing $100 among three people. Suppose two of them agree to split that sum, with $60 going to one and $40 to the other. The third person, who receives nothing, has an incentive to strike a bargain with the second, offering a split of, say, $50 each, which makes them both better off than under the initial proposal. Faced with desertion, the first person can destabilize the new coalition by offering to accept $45, leaving $55 for one of the others. And so on. The game has three possible (and equally likely) outcomes in which two of the three players accept payments of $50 each, but the third player can always upset the equilibrium by cutting another deal. The same endless series of changing winning coalitions or vote “cycles” can emerge in elections involving three or more candidates or ballot issues when no one of them is strongly preferred by a simple majority of the voters.

Question: It has been recognized at least since the time of the Marquis de Condorcet (1785) that voting among three or more candidates or alternatives may fail to select the majority’s most preferred outcome or may be prone to vote “cycles” producing no clear winner.  Which behavioral science theory is relevant to this case and how might solutions be implemented in this case? 

Categories
Writers Solution

Consider the problem of dividing $100 among three people. Suppose two of them agree to split that sum, with $60 going to one and $40 to the other.

 PUBLIC AFFAIRS CASE STUDY 1 HOUR

MAX 250 WORDS PLEASE EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER use theories     

Case study:

Consider the problem of dividing $100 among three people. Suppose two of them agree to split that sum, with $60 going to one and $40 to the other. The third person, who receives nothing, has an incentive to strike a bargain with the second, offering a split of, say, $50 each, which makes them both better off than under the initial proposal. Faced with desertion, the first person can destabilize the new coalition by offering to accept $45, leaving $55 for one of the others. And so on. The game has three possible (and equally likely) outcomes in which two of the three players accept payments of $50 each, but the third player can always upset the equilibrium by cutting another deal. The same endless series of changing winning coalitions or vote “cycles” can emerge in elections involving three or more candidates or ballot issues when no one of them is strongly preferred by a simple majority of the voters.

Question: It has been recognized at least since the time of the Marquis de Condorcet (1785) that voting among three or more candidates or alternatives may fail to select the majority’s most preferred outcome or may be prone to vote “cycles” producing no clear winner.  Which behavioral science theory is relevant to this case and how might solutions be implemented in this case? 

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Identify and describe a business problem with an IT solution from your work or personal experience

IT Business Application Case Study Identify and describe a business problem with an IT solution from your work or personal experience. Are there any specific artificial intelligence (AI) applications that can be considered as part of the solution? If you don’t have specific personal experience, select 1 management enterprise system (MIS) solution with a specific use case. Then, answer the following questions: What have you identified as the existing business problem? What is your expected deliverable of the business process? What specific IT application did you identify to provide an effective solution? What are the specific features and benefits of the new IT application? How does the new application provide long-term support to the business process by maintaining data integrity in cases of disaster recovery and continuity planning? Submitting your assignment in APA format means, at a minimum, you will need the following: Title page: Remember the running head. The title should be in all capitals. Length: 5 pages minimum Abstract: This is a summary of your paper, not an introduction. Begin writing in the third person. Body: This begins on the page following the title page and abstract page and must be double-spaced (be careful not to triple- or quadruple-space between paragraphs). The typeface should be 12-pt. Times Roman or 12-pt. Courier in regular black type. Do not use color, bold type, or italics, except as required for APA-level headings and references. The deliverable length of the body of your paper for this assignment is 5 pages. In-body academic citations to support your decisions and analysis are required. A variety of academic sources is encouraged. Reference page: References that align with your in-body academic sources are listed on the final page of your paper. The references must be in APA format using appropriate spacing, hanging indent, italics, and uppercase and lowercase usage as appropriate for the type of resource used. Remember, the Reference page is not a bibliography but a further listing of the abbreviated in-body citations used in the paper. Every referenced item must have a corresponding in-body citation.

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Define the e-waste problem. What is happening and why is this an issue? What can manufacturers do to improve the situation (health, hazardous materials, recycling, refuse, etc.)?

For this case study response, you need to analyze and study the subject presented below and compose an essay response answering the questions posed. Your writing should concentrate on the development of specific events, issues, or conditions of the subject and their relationships. For this activity, you are being asked to write a complete essay, not just an outline as was done in Module 3.

The topic addresses the disposal of our technology devices and gadgets. To begin, view the following video.

Next, read the following:

    Guide to Greener Electronics 2017 (Greenpeace.org) (Links to an external site.)

    Samsung and Greenpeace: what you need to know about e-waste (The Guardian) (Links to an external site.)

 Case Study Questions

Define the e-waste problem. What is happening and why is this an issue? What can manufacturers do to improve the situation (health, hazardous materials, recycling, refuse, etc.)?

Guidelines and notes (read this 2-3 times):

    Formatting and content:

        Save this APA Example Template (DOCX)Preview the document to your computer and use it for your essay.

        The length of the response should be 4-5 paragraphs (about 400 words or up to 1.5 pages maximum). Do not write more than 1.5 pages of text.

        Use 1″ margins.

        Use Times New Roman, 12 pt font.

        Double line space.

        Indent the first line of each new paragraph by .5″.

        One space follows the closing punctuation of each sentence.

    Cite a minimum of two references in the body of the essay:

        When we refer to ideas or use quotes from the sources, it is necessary to cite the source. Basically, this involves providing the author last name and date at the end of the sentence. See Purdue Online Writing Lab for examples. (Links to an external site.)

        Not sure if you need to cite a source? Refer to this Plagiarism Prevention Flowchart (indstate.edu) diagram. (Links to an external site.)

        Longer quotes need to be avoided in this short 1.5-page paper. Use your words to make your points.

        Strongly recommended: Before turning in your essay, double-check your paper for originality and citation infringement. Your final draft will be screened for originality and plagiarism.

    Listing references:

        When you cite a reference, it must be listed on your references page, which is a new page added after the last page of the essay. Also, all listed references need to have at least one in-text citation in the body of the paper.

        Follow current APA formatting (Purdue Online Writing Lab). (Links to an external site.)

            Citation Machine (Links to an external site.) – is an online resource generator.

        Example reference from a website:

reference example

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Your research topic has come from an issue, problem, or policy of law enforcement, corrections, or the court system

Key Assignment

In the previous assignment, you developed a position paper for the research topic that you have identified and explored. You have recommendations for change, revocation, modification, and addition to the research topic. Your research topic has come from an issue, problem, or policy of law enforcement, corrections, or the court system. In this assignment, you will revise your Key Assignment Draft based on instructor and peer feedback and you will evaluate an alternative position to your selected topic that was not addressed in your original Key Assignment Draft.Assignment GuidelinesFirst, revise your Week 4 Key Assignment based on instructor feedback and peer responses.  Next, add to your final Key Assignment draft by addressing the following in 4–5 pages:  Select 1 alternative to your position addressed in the Week 4 Key Assignment regarding your selected topic:  What major points are argued by proponents of this alternative position? Explain in detail.  Conduct research on this alternative position and evaluate the arguments.  Do the arguments hold any merit? Why or why not?  What policies currently exist that support these arguments? Explain in detail.  Which position is more significant for improving the current state of the criminal justice system? Explain in detail. Remember to use academic and scholarly sources to support your arguments.  Be sure to reference all sources using APA style. 

Hello all, feel free to simply add the Unit 4 IP to the end of the Unit 5 IP to meet the requisite page numbers.  MAKE SURE AND PUT EDITS IN RED for the Unit 4 IP or make them easily visible.  Have a terrific weekend.

 
 Deliverable Length:  3-5 new pages (10-12 total pages)