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Social Thinking and Social Influence

Week 3 Assignment;

Take a moment and reflect on the different people and experiences, both good and bad, that shape who you are today. This week you focus on social psychology and ethics in social psychology research by exploring some of Pat’s relationships in the case study.

Below you hear from Pat’s boss, best friend, medical doctor and her mother. As you read how each person describes Pat, begin to hypothesize how you think Pat interacts socially. Also, consider how you can study someone like Pat in an ethical manner.

Pat’s boss: Pat is somewhat of a laidback worker. She does not seem to take her work seriously. She is late getting to work sometimes, and she takes long breaks to smoke and to be alone.

Pat’s best friend: Pat has had a rough life. She suffers from a lot of emotional stuff.  She is a good person, though. She just has it tough. I have had a rough life, so I know a little of what she’s going through.

Pat’s medical doctor: Pat has always done better in groups. When she was in the hospital, she seemed to be able to complete tasks better, and she seemed to be able to make better decisions for herself. I think this was, in part, because she had other people around her who could encourage her.  

Pat’s mom: I wish she would stop smoking. She used to tell me she wanted to stop smoking. She must have tried a million times. She just never could do it.  After a while, she started saying that she did not want to stop smoking because “I’m going to die anyway. I like smoking. It calms me down, and we are all going to die someday.”

As you read through this week’s resources, reflect on Pat’s different relationships. Consider how the different social psychology concepts and research apply to the Pat case study.

Week 3 Learning Resources

This page contains the Learning Resources for this week. Be sure to scroll down the page to see all of this week’s assigned Learning Resources.

Required Resources

Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Readings

  • Myers, D. G. (2014). Exploring psychology, in modules (9th ed.). New York, NY: Worth Publishers.
    • Module 36, “Social Thinking and Social Influence” (pp. 490–509)
    • Module 37, “Antisocial Relations”  (pp. 510–523)
  • Blass, T. (2002). The man who shocked the world. Psychology Today, 35(2), 68–74.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

    This article reviews the Milgram study and highlights why the results changed how psychologists understood social influences.
  • Walden Univerisity. (2013). Social change. Retrieved from http://www.waldenu.edu/about/social-change

Media

Optional Resources

Week 3 Assignment

Application: Understanding Pat Using Social Psychology Research

Through social media and technology, people are more connected now than any other time is history. Human connections are powerful and results of these interactions can range from the heroes on Flight 93 to terrible atrocities like the Holocaust or Rwanda. Understanding cultural and social influence builds a foundation for understanding what makes people do what they do or do not do.

There are several theories that support social psychology. For example, attribution theory suggests that you tend to attribute the behavior of others to either disposition or external situation (Heider, 1958). Just as circumstances and disposition impact behavior, attitudes are also predictors of behaviors. Peripheral route persuasion argues that attitude changes are influenced by things, such as attractiveness or celebrity. Alternatively, central route persuasion argues that attitudes change based on scientific evidence and arguments. Central route persuasion is much more thoughtful and more likely to influence behavior. Additionally, external influences and personal attitudes influence your behavior.

For this assignment, you will choose one social psychology theory and apply it to Pat’s behavior.

To prepare for this Assignment:

  • Review Module 36, “Social Thinking and Social Influence,” in the course text. Focus on attribution, social facilitation, and cognitive dissonance research.
  • Select one of the following research areas:
    • Social facilitation research
    • Attribution research
    • Cognitive dissonance research

Submit by Day 7 a paper of 2–3 pages in which you apply the research area you selected to Pat’s case study. Be specific and use examples from the case study to support your answer.

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To reflect means reviewing our inner processes of thinking and feeling. John Dewey, a key originator of thinking about reflection sees it as a special form of problem solving

PROJ5002 Project Management Principles
Assessment 3 Guidelines
Assessment type Reflective Essay
Word limit / length 2,000 words
Weighting 45%
Due date 11pm Sunday Week 6
Background
To reflect means reviewing our inner processes of thinking and feeling. John Dewey, a key originator of thinking about reflection sees it as a special form of problem solving, which requires qualities of open-mindedness, responsibility and self-awareness. Schön emphasises the concept of ‘reflection-in-action’, where the reflective practitioner evaluates intuitive understandings intrinsic to experience as a guide to action. This ‘on-the-spot’ processing is different from retrospective contemplation, which typifies most reflection on learning.
This essay will require your thinking to go through the following levels and have your essay arrive at the third, the critical level.
1. the technical or evaluative level – students typically start at the first level, mostly describing and evaluating their experiences, with little connection to theory
2. the practical or sense-making level – most progress to the second level, making sense of their experiences or learning in the light of theoretical understandings
3. the critical level – students tend to find the third level the most challenging, as it requires a capacity to critically examine the values, beliefs and assumptions underlying their actions.
Learning outcomes
This assessment task is aligned to Learning Outcomes #5:
• Synthesise and reinterpret a past or existing project using PMBOK terminology and frames.
Assessment task
You are required to reflect upon a project scenario where you have applied, or failed to apply, project management theory. The reflection will require you to:
• provide a short description of the project scenario,
• analyse the project scenario with reference to project management theory and quality academic literature, and
• reflect on the project scenario to identify how you could modify project management practices to enhance or support positive outcomes for the project, or in future projects.
Project management theory should focus on the PMBOK Process Groups (Initiating; Planning; Executing; Monitoring and Controlling; or Closing) or the 10 Knowledge Areas (see Kloppenborg 2018, p. 11).
If you have no project scenario that you can reflect upon, you may the experience of project managing the Old Farm House Project.
To help you in this assessment there will be a seminar on reflective writing in Week 4.
Assessment structure
Please follow one of the recommended models for reflective writing (either the Record, Analyse, Reflect model, or the 5R’s of Reflective Writing) to support the main body of your essay. More information on these models will be provided during the Reflective Writing Seminar in Week 4.
Section Section description
Title page Name, student number, word count.
Table of contents If using headings/ sub-headings.
Introduction Contextualise the topic, provide an outline of key theory used and summarise the key insights/ results.
Main body Use a reflective writing model to structure the main body of your essay.
– Record, Analyse, Reflect
– 5R’s of Reflective Writing: Reporting, Responding, Relating, Resoning, Reconstructing
Conclusion Summarise the key insights/ results and restate how future outcomes may be modified as a result of the reflection.
References List of references cited in Harvard style.
Preparing your assessment
1. The academic nature of this essay requires the use of in-text citation and referencing in accordance with SCU Harvard Referencing Standards. Further information regarding SCU referencing standards are available at: http://libguides.scu.edu.au/harvard
2. As there is such an emphasis on the textbook, all in-text references for the textbook (both paraphrasing and direct quotes) should include a page number or the section number.
3. Word count has a tolerance of 10% over or under.
4. Contents page, tables, reference list, appendices (if applicable) are not included in the word count.
5. Headings are not mandatory but may be included as they assist both writer and reader to follow the line of discussion.
Submission format
Upload as one single MS Word file via the Assessment 3 Submission portal in the Assessment Tasks and Submission folder within Blackboard.
Assessment 3 rubric
Scale 5 Scale 4 Scale 3 Scale 2 Scale 1
Description of situation
20% Description is sophisticated and insightful Description is relevant, succinct and clear Description attempted but lacks clarity or is verbose Description attempted, but lacks relevance Description inadequate
Integration with theory
30% Analysis of situation is integrated with theory and demonstrates a sophisticated understanding Analysis of situation is integrated with theory and demonstrates a competent understanding Analysis of situation is explicitly connected to theory and demonstrates a developing understanding Analysis of situation is somewhat connected to theory, but the connection is loose and/ or implied No connection to theory
Forward casting
20% Student describes in a sophisticated manner how their future practice and/or future self will change, based on their reflection and engagement with theory Student competently describes how their future practice and/or future self will change, based on their reflection and engagement with theory Student attempts to describe how their future practice and/or future self will change, based on their reflection and engagement with theory Student makes an inadequate attempt to describe how their future practice and/or future self will change; inadequate attempt to reflect and engage with theory No attempt to describe how future practice and/or future self will change in light of reflection and/or theory
Reflective essay structure
15% Uses a sophisticated reflective structure that connects experience with three or more theoretical components Uses a competent reflective structure that connects experience with at least three theoretical components Uses a basic reflective structure that connects experience with theory Uses some semblance of a reflective structure No reflective structure; may focus more upon description than reflection; may not use theory
References
15% Five or more academic references present and relevant, and focus upon the Textbook, the PMBoK, and/or other academic literature, are well integrated and add weight to the analysis/ discussion Three to five academic references present and relevant, and focus upon the Textbook, the PMBoK, and/or other academic literature, and are somewhat integrated Three to five academic references present and relevant, and focus upon the Textbook, the PMBoK, and/or other academic literature though lack integration Academic references are limited to the textbook and/ or PMBoK. Academic references absent or are not relevant (possible sham referencing)

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American businesses have often been criticized for short-term thinking that places too much emphasis on payback period and ROR.

Reflection and Disucssuion 

Chapter 3. Engineering Economic Analysis

Chapter 4. Life-Cycle Costing

Reflect on the assigned readings for the week. Respond to the following prompts: “What do I feel are the most important aspects of my learning in the chapters this week?” and “What about this learning was really worthy of my time and understanding?” Then explain how important it is in society or business.

Also, provide a graduate-level response to each of the following questions:

  1. American businesses have often been criticized for short-term thinking that places too much emphasis on payback period and ROR. When Honda started making cars in the early 1970s, for example, the chief executive officer stated that the firm would be “willing to accept an ROR no greater than 2% or 3% for as long as it took to be recognized as the best car maker in the world.” In light of the success of many Japanese firms, is the criticism of American business justified?
  2. Most countries have a progressive income tax system whereby each dollar earned in incrementally higher tax brackets is taxed at an increasingly higher rate. Do you think that a flat tax system would be more fair? How about a proportional tax system? Explain your answer.
  3. Discuss the effect of taxes on the life-cycle costing (LCC) of passenger cars. Compare domestic and imported cars.

Assignment

Activity I: A young engineer decides to save $240 per year toward retirement in 40 years.

  1. If he invests this sum at the end of every year at 9%, then how much will be accumulated by retirement time?
  2. If by astute investing the interest rate could be raised to 12%, then what sum could be saved?
  3. If he deposits one fourth of this annual amount each quarter ($60 per quarter) in an interest bearing account earning a nominal annual interest rate of 12%, compounded quarterly, how much could be saved by retirement time?
  4. In part (c), then what annual effective interest rate is being earned?

Activity II: Maurice Micklewhite has decided to replant his garden. Show him what the cost is of making an erroneous decision at various stages of the project, starting with conceptual design and ending with the ongoing maintenance of the garden.

The assignment is to answer the question provided above in essay form. This is to be in narrative form and should be as thorough as possible. Bullet points should not to be used. The paper should be at least 2 – 2.5 pages in length, Times New Roman 12-pt font, double-spaced, 1 inch margins and utilizing at least one outside scholarly or professional source related to project management. The textbook should also be utilized. Do not insert excess line spacing. APA formatting and citation should be used.