ANXIETY, OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED, AND TRAUMA AND STRESSOR-RELATED DISORDER
Anxiety disorders provide a good opportunity to take a close look at the nature/nurture debate as well as the gene/environment interactions that influence the nervous system and neurochemistry. A significant part of most of Sigmund Freud’s theories, the concept of anxiety has been debated and discussed over many years in the psychiatric literature. While Freud’s theories focused on the “mind” and the unconscious, another way to look at anxiety is with Hans Selye’s concept of “fight or flight” in which the sympathetic nervous system activates a response to stress. As you explore anxiety disorders, you will notice that no two cases of anxiety are the same.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by the presence of obsessive thoughts, which manifest as persistent thoughts, images, or even “urges.” The only way that the individual can disperse the anxiety of these persistent thoughts/images and urges is to perform a behavior (the compulsion). The compulsion could be checking things, counting, reciting a silent prayer, or repeating a number of phrases. The disorder becomes so pervasive that the person can spend a significant amount of time each day attending to the compulsion in order to relieve the anxiety caused by the obsession.
Although trauma and stressor-related disorders stem from exposure to a traumatic or stressful event, not all exposures to trauma or stress will result in a disorder. However, following these types of events, patients may report symptoms that interfere with their ability to function well in one or more areas of their life, such as flashbacks, nightmares, or intense psychological or physiological distress.
FOCUSED SOAP NOTE FOR ANXIETY, PTSD, AND OCD
In assessing patients with anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and trauma and stressor-related disorders, you will continue the practice of looking to understand chief symptomology in order to develop a diagnosis. With a differential diagnosis in mind, you can then move to a treatment and follow-up plan that may involve both psychopharmacologic and psychotherapeutic approaches.
In this Assignment, use then case study attached to develop a focused SOAP note based on evidence-based approaches.
Organizational leaders are often involved in a process that requires involves demonstrating compliance with regulatory guidelines or demonstrating evidence that the organization meets a particular set of standards. Some examples of this might include Magnet Journey, specialty area certification (i.e., upgrading of ER Trauma Level; Stroke Center Designation), Joint Commission Survey, State Department of Health. The organization is often provided with a form that specifies the information required and which must be completed and returned to the requesting agency for review. The information you provide to the requesting agency is then distributed to the team of evaluators responsible for determining if your organization has met the requirements of the agency. The quality of information you provide and the consistency of the format requested play a critical role in the minds of the evaluators. If there are gaps in the information, it will lead to questions from the evaluators during the visit. If you produce a thorough, high-quality, and professional document, consistent with the format requested, it significantly increases the likelihood of a favorable review process. The portfolio assignment provides the student with practice in finding and assembling information into a requested format for review. In a very small and simple way, this simulates a process such as what is described in the previous paragraph. The portfolio assignment also serves to chronicle and archive the project process. While you may start the project as the project manager, sometimes projects are handed off to another person or another team. Having a current set of documents and information allows a current PM to seamlessly hand off the project to another PM. Think of yourself as the PM taking over your project. What information would you want to help ensure a seamless transition? Assemble the portfolio so that it would be such that you would want to receive it in taking the handoff. This assignment allows you to assemble your CGE portfolio with the project management components and activities completed to this point. You will build on this assignment at the conclusion of the CGE II course to create an updated portfolio. 1. Assemble the initial portfolio. Elements of Portfolio The student is responsible for the development of a CGE portfolio that includes the following elements in the following order. Project PICOT question Five individual PICOT elements as approved in the Week 2 discussion Narrative PICOT statement or question consistent with the PICOT element statements Summary of CGE Executive Organizational Change Project Proposal Literature review (may be copied and pasted from the Week 4 assignment with any revisions requested by the instructor; summary table not required) Reflection on Course Outcome (CO) achievement List each CO as a heading in proper APA format. For each CO, provide a reflective summary of how you feel you have progressed in meeting this outcome through the resources and activities of NR631. The following documents each included as a separate appendix in the following order PICOT Worksheet (Week 2) Project Charter (Week 3) Project Scope (Week 3) Communication Plan (Week 5) Deliverables and CSF (Week 6)
Respond to three of your peers, suggesting another possible framework for their study. Respond again to check in with your cohort by asking a question, sharing an experience, responding to someone else, or adding helpful links and resources.
DEKONTEE
Summarize your research problem.
Building a wellness center that provides trauma therapy in underserved populations; to survivors of the Liberia civil war who are struggling with Long-term posttraumatic stress disorder also known as Complex-PTSD.
Identify and define two theories that might provide a framework’
In last week’s discussion I posted about Conceptual framework and Theoretical framework. I narrow it down to Theoretical framework because it describes everything I am trying to do within my research. “Set of concepts, theories, ideas, and assumptions that serve as a foundation for understanding a particular phenomenon or problem. It provides a conceptual framework that helps researchers to design and conduct their research, as well as to analyze and interpret their findings” (Theoretical Framework Hassan, 2023). Although Theoretical frameworks provide a particular perspective, or lens, through which to examine a topic, there are many different lenses, such as psychological theories and organizational theories.
Explain how both of your chosen theories or conceptual frameworks could work in your study.
Organizational theory seeks to understand how social organizations and companies operate. This theory is important because this information is needed for me to successfully fulfill the business side of my organization that will handle the wellness centers projects. The main elements of organizational also focus on people, environment, technology, and structure. These elements interact to help organizations achieve set goals and objectives (Forsyth, 2022).
According to K.S. LaBar, 2015 “Psychological theories explain the long-term consequences of human behavior and provide robust evidence-based clarifications as to why people believe, behave, and react how they do. These theories discuss factors of personality, early experiences, and interpersonal relations” (LaBar, 2015). This theory aligns perfectly with my research problem because the traumatic experiences from the civil war affected many people. Those who were severely affected and did not receive proper help after the war, behavior and how they treat others were affected and forever changed for the worse. They have turned to crime and violence. Repeating those same traumas, they went through. Which is why building wellness centers to provide treatments and therapy is important. Rehabilitation is desperately needed.
Explain how once you choose a framework it will influence the entire study.
It will influence the entire study because the framework helps with communication, prevents chaos inconsistency, bias in your research and confusion. It provides a clear and coherent structure for your research project.
The research problem that I would like to address is why is the Black maternal mortality rate so high. African American women face substandard health care which leads to a high rate of deaths during childbirth or shortly after. Racism has existed throughout human history. It may be defined as the hatred of one person by another or the belief that another person is less than human because of skin color, language, customs, place of birth, or any factor that supposedly reveals the basic nature of that person. According to the Kaiser Foundation (2023), “Black women are twice as likely than white women to have a preterm birth, which can lead to death or lifelong health problems. And pregnancy-related mortality rates among Black women are more than three times higher than white women.”
The two theories that I have identified as possibly providing a framework for my research would be Critical Race Theory and Conflict Theory although there are many theories that could be used to examine racism, prejudice, and discrimination in American society. Critical Race Theory was first developed by legal scholars in the 1970s and ‘80s following the Civil Rights Movement and explains that racism is rooted in laws, policies, and institutions that uphold and reproduce racial inequalities (Sawchuk, 2021). Conflict Theory was developed by Karl Marx and is rooted in the assumption that inequalities contribute to social differences and that social problems are inevitable (Marx, 1848).
Critical Race Theory can work in this study because it explains why societal issues such as Black Americans’ higher mortality rate, over-exposure to police violence and brutality, mass incarceration, lack of affordable housing, and the death rates of Black women in childbirth are not unrelated anomalies (Sawchuk, 2021). Additionally, Conflict Theory could work in this study because it addresses the vast differences in Black and White maternal death rates.
The theory I ultimately choose can guide the research, the questions, and the respondents which could lead to facilitating change and development in academia, and the research process will require that many different areas be researched to gain valuable background information (Walden, n.d-a).
The research problem is barriers to educational outcomes in minority men lead to research of experiences of incarcerated college minority males expelled from primary school. There are Barriers of implicit bias/systemic racism that lead to criminalizing students who face behavioral or emotional issues, leading to incarceration while experiencing high poverty rates.
Theory and Framework-
The theory that guides this study is Institutional Racism and its concept in a conceptual framework. In Institutional Racism, systemic and structural biases create an unfair and unjust racism that creates barriers in many areas, including expulsion in education.
Researching the theory of Institutional Racism is to research the adverse experiences of those incarcerated college students who were expelled. The implications of systemic racism of expelled students would suggest that if they weren’t removed, it would have prevented incarceration as remaining in school would have been an opportunity instead of criminal activity. Griffith (2007) The theory would aid in hypothesizing that those expelled didn’t experience an advocate who would assist in school success. With reading prior research on the school-to-prison pipeline, there is a gap in researching incarcerated males attending college, previously expelled from primary education, and unable to obtain an education.
Work within my study-
Within the conceptual framework, the study aims to determine the adverse experiences of incarcerated minority males attending college who were expelled in middle school, that the barrier to educational outcomes is due to treatment experiences of institutional racism of treatment of being expelled.
Theory and Framwerok utilized in my study-
The theory will assist my student in discussing the experiences of institutional racism with the students who had adverse experiences with expulsion rates due to systemic racism versus those who weren’t expelled. The student was removed from school and criminalized, which prevented educational outcomes.
References:
Purdy, E. R. (2021). Poverty and Social Exclusion. Salem Press Encyclopedia. (b) Correlation to poverty and outcomes in society (c) Living in poverty decreases social health opportunities (d) Social and economic factors prohibit benefits for education.
Griffith, D. M., Mason, M., Yonas, M., Eng., E., Jeffries, V., Plihcik, S., & Parks, B. (2007). Dismantling institutional racism: Theory and action. American Journal of Community Psychology, 39(34), 381–392.
Directions: Our conversation on colonial and intergenerational trauma this week centres on the external forces that impose structural, political, and interpersonal violence on Indigenous peoples. In previous weeks we have discussed how this has occurred via policy and legislation.
In your forum posting this week, I would like you to consider the role of the health sector in centering trauma-informed care. How would you define trauma-informed care? What might the role of health care practitioners look like in supporting Indigenous patients with “complex, continuous, collective, cumulative, and compounding forms of colonial trauma” (Mitchel et al. 2019)? Are there any barriers that practitioners or policy-makers might face in centering trauma-informed care as an ethic of practice in health settings? Or, if you have seen an example of the ethic of trauma-informed care in practice, please share with your peers how you thought it was successful or could be improved.
The readings and links please limit your answer to under 500 words and respond to at least one other student comments.
Readings Required: Mitchell, T.; Arseneau, C.; & Thomas, D. (2019). Colonial Trauma: Complex, continuous, collective, cumulative and compounding effects on the health of Indigenous peoples in Canada and beyond. International Journal of Indigenous Health, 14 (2), 74–94. DOI 10.32799/ijih.v14i2.32251
Required: Aguiar, W. & Halseth, R. (2015). Aboriginal peoples and historic trauma: the process of intergenerational transmission. Prince George, BC: National Collaborating Centre for Aboriginal Health. https://www.ccnsa-nccah.ca/docs/context/RPT-HistoricTrauma-IntergenTransmission-Ag uiar-Halseth-EN.pdf
Reponses to Student As a future social worker who will be working within the healthcare system, I believe it is crucial that I identify and understand what it means to work with Indigenous people from a trauma-informed care stance. I would define trauma-informed care as a framework that is based on having knowledge and understanding of how trauma has affected and continues to effect, Indigenous people’s lives and the ways in which they receive help from service providers. Some concepts that are centered around trauma-informed care are understanding what trauma is, recognizing the ways trauma effects each person differently, and how the service user and provider respond to the trauma and the help.
As an employee of the healthcare system, I have seen first-hand how Indigenous people are treated within healthcare and the ways in which they are systematically pushed through the healthcare system that leaves major gaps in the trust, care, and compassion
that healthcare workers should be providing their patients. I believe that one of the major factors in the roles of healthcare professionals should be to allow our patients to have a say in their care. Upon meeting our patients, we need to allow them to feel safe in their surroundings, be able to ask questions, and be allowed to say what they are comfortable with or where they comfort level ends. We need to understand that racism is prevalent in today’s society, whether we agree or disagree, racism is upon us. Indigenous people’s fears are not heard, and the reality of their care is the “get them in and get them out” mentality. Not all the time, but very often, when an Indigenous person enters an emergency department, they are flagged as a “drug seeker” before anyone even speaks to them. With this mentality, the ways in which Indigenous people are supported in healthcare will never change.
As Mitchel et al. (2019) states, there are many terms used to characterize the enduring trauma of Indigenous peoples; historical trauma, collective trauma, post-traumatic stress, intergenerational trauma, historical loss, post-traumatic stress response, colonial trauma, and colonial injury. Barriers that could arise when centering care around trauma-informed care are, service users not aware or acknowledging past traumas, avoiding asking certain question and allowing clients to disclose personal trauma, clients not wanting to disclose personal trauma that could affect the outcome of care, limited resources and knowledge from both the service user and provider, and any ongoing or lasting conflicts that may arise within the circle of care. The trauma that is affecting people today has been ongoing pain that stems from 5 centuries of intergenerational trauma lived through many family units. Ignoring the root causes and ability to work from past trauma will dramatically effect trauma-informed care practices.
Reference
Mitchell, T.; Arseneau, C.; & Thomas, D. (2019). Colonial Trauma: Complex, continuous, collective, cumulative and compounding effects on the health of Indigenous peoples in Canada and beyond. International Journal of Indigenous Health, 14 (2), 74–94. DOI 10.32799/ijih.v14i2.32251
Recall the video from your Module 1 Case Assignment on how stress affects the brain. Stress not only affects the structure and function of the brain, but its genetic makeup as well. In this module you were introduced to the various effects stress has on each body system, including the reproductive system. New research suggests that experiencing intense psychological trauma may have a genetic impact on a person’s future children. In the following video, Dr. Rachel Yehuda studied the genetic effects in a population of Holocaust survivors and found variations from the norm in both generations for the gene associated with depression and anxiety disorders. The findings imply that children of individuals who experience profound stress in life may be more likely to develop stress or anxiety disorders themselves.
Can Trauma Be Passed to the Next Generation Through DNA? PBS Learning Media. Accessed at https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/e9a3377e-ef0d-4815-8f25-166daa4d3114/can-trauma-be-passed-to-the-next-generation-through-dna/#.WZeOTNGQyM8
Case Assignment
Answer the following questions in essay format. For additional details, see the Case Assignment directions below.
How does experiencing trauma affect a person’s life?
Describe the term epigenetics. How does stress play a role in epigenetics?
Describe an event in history that could have caused stress-related changes to the next generation (some examples include the Holocaust, 9-11 terrorist attack, the Dutch famine of 1944). Include the disorders these children experienced (such as anxiety, depression, mental disorders, etc).
Why might it be helpful to know how children will be affected by trauma their parents experienced?
What kinds of events going on in the world right now could be producing similar effects in future generations?
Assignment Expectations
Organize this essay assignment using subtitles that summarize the topic from each question above. For example, to answer Question 1, use a descriptive subtitle like the following: Effects of Trauma.
Answer each question under the subtitle using complete sentences that relate back to the question. Be sure to use APA formatting throughout your essay with 1-inch margins, 12-pt font, and double spacing throughout. Include a title page, introduction, answers to the questions with subtitles, and concluding paragraph. Remember to include in-text citations within the body of the essay referencing your resources (i.e., Murray, 2014). Also, be sure to include a reference section at the end of your assignment listing all required readings and any additional resources you used to complete your essay. See the Trident guide to APA Style, 7th edition.
Direct quotes should be limited and must be designated by quotation marks.
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Recall the video from your Module 1 Case Assignment on how stress affects the brain. Stress not only affects the structure and function of the brain, but its genetic makeup as well. In this module you were introduced to the various effects stress has on each body system, including the reproductive system. New research suggests that experiencing intense psychological trauma may have a genetic impact on a person’s future children. In the following video, Dr. Rachel Yehuda studied the genetic effects in a population of Holocaust survivors and found variations from the norm in both generations for the gene associated with depression and anxiety disorders. The findings imply that children of individuals who experience profound stress in life may be more likely to develop stress or anxiety disorders themselves.
Can Trauma Be Passed to the Next Generation Through DNA? PBS Learning Media. Accessed at https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/e9a3377e-ef0d-4815-8f25-166daa4d3114/can-trauma-be-passed-to-the-next-generation-through-dna/#.WZeOTNGQyM8
Case Assignment
Answer the following questions in essay format. For additional details, see the Case Assignment directions below.
How does experiencing trauma affect a person’s life?
Describe the term epigenetics. How does stress play a role in epigenetics?
Describe an event in history that could have caused stress-related changes to the next generation (some examples include the Holocaust, 9-11 terrorist attack, the Dutch famine of 1944). Include the disorders these children experienced (such as anxiety, depression, mental disorders, etc).
Why might it be helpful to know how children will be affected by trauma their parents experienced?
What kinds of events going on in the world right now could be producing similar effects in future generations?
Assignment Expectations
Organize this essay assignment using subtitles that summarize the topic from each question above. For example, to answer Question 1, use a descriptive subtitle like the following: Effects of Trauma.
Answer each question under the subtitle using complete sentences that relate back to the question. Be sure to use APA formatting throughout your essay with 1-inch margins, 12-pt font, and double spacing throughout. Include a title page, introduction, answers to the questions with subtitles, and concluding paragraph. Remember to include in-text citations within the body of the essay referencing your resources (i.e., Murray, 2014). Also, be sure to include a reference section at the end of your assignment listing all required readings and any additional resources you used to complete your essay. See the Trident guide to APA Style, 7th edition.
Direct quotes should be limited and must be designated by quotation marks.
Timely Delivery– primewritersbay.com believes in beating the deadlines that our customers have imposed because we understand how important it is.
Customer satisfaction- Customer satisfaction. We have an outstanding customer care team that is always ready and willing to listen to you, collect your instructions and make sure that your custom writing needs are satisfied
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How does experiencing trauma affect a person’s life?
you are the manager of imaging and your lead ct tech refuses to do a head ct on a 18yr old male who presents with head trauma due to drunk driving and hitting and killing a mother and her 7yr old daughter, the lead ct feels he is getting what he deserved and there is not another ct on duty. The lead ct tech has worked here over 20yrs and is respected and looked up to by other staff and you have never had a problem out of her before. How would you effectively and ethically handle this situation?
Timely Delivery– primewritersbay.com believes in beating the deadlines that our customers have imposed because we understand how important it is.
Customer satisfaction- Customer satisfaction. We have an outstanding customer care team that is always ready and willing to listen to you, collect your instructions and make sure that your custom writing needs are satisfied
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Enjoy Please Note-You have come to the most reliable academic writing site that will sort all assignments that that you could be having. We write essays, research papers, term papers, research proposals. manager of imaging and your lead ct tech refuses to do a head ct on a 18yr old male who presents with head trauma due to drunk driving and hitting and killing a mother and her 7yr old daughter
Submit a 1250 words paper on the topic Recovering from Emotional Disaster Trauma. Different individuals react differently to trauma and specifically psychological trauma. Some suffer long-term effects of it, while others suffer short-term. An example of a short-term consequence of psychological trauma includes shock and personal denial. For the long-term, it involves flashbacks, emotional unpredictability, and strained relationships (Help guide, 2014). Even though different individuals have different capacities and reactions to trauma, there is only one familiar consequence from them all. They are usually hit hard. A few percentages might be strong-hearted and recover well after some time. The big worry is about those who don’t. What is their remedy? For most, it is always long-term since such thoughts recur over and over again throughout their lives, if not addressed in time. Luckily, psychological trauma can be medically examined and treated as well.
Trauma has been part of mankind since biblical times. Various figures in the bible display trauma as a result of events that they have experienced. From Adam being chased away from the Garden of Eden, to the raping of Tamar by her half brother, Amnon, trauma is involved. A classic example is found from Psalms 107:13-16. “Then they cried to the Lord in their trouble, and he delivered them from their distress. He brought them out of the darkness and the shadow of death and burst their bonds apart. Let them thank the Lord for his steadfast love, for his wondrous works to the children of man! For he shatters the doors of bronze and cuts in two the bars of iron.”(ESV).
As earlier mentioned, potentially traumatic events are those powerful, annoying, and even life-changing events that occur to an individual. They might arise out of a near-death experience or something that was emotionally very disturbing (APS, 2014). A good example is a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami. When an individual survives a disaster, especially one that was catastrophic, trauma is likely to set in. They are bound to be in a state of denial and disbelief about the event and the losses it brings. These losses might be in terms of both life and property.
To design a comprehensive 15-page (+/- 2 pages) research proposal on a topic of your own choosing(The chosen topic is how childhood trauma affects person as an adult, how it affects their life as well as lives of others around them.) proposal will follow strict guidelines in terms of format and content, including an abstract, specific aims / research questions, a literature review, a detailed research design and description of methods, a cursory idea of results and research products, ethical/legal considerations, and an APA-formatted reference section. Keep in mind that this is a proposal for research; you will not actually be conducting the study. Therefore, feel free to use a design that clearly addressed the issues in which you are interested, irrespective of the level of complexity if implemented in the ‘real world’. For your hypothetical research project, assume that you have adequate level of funding and sufficient time to complete the study. The minimum and maximum word count does NOT INCLUDE your reference list, title page, or any key documents you wish to attach such as a questionnaire / technical appendix. Title Page Abstract – 150 Literature Review 1350-1950 Design/Methods 1500-2500 Results/Products 125-250 Ethical/Legal 250 References Min. 10 Overall Presentation TOTAL 3500-5000. References: All sources included in the Reference section must be cited in the body of the paper and all sources cited in the paper must be included in the Reference section. a. Pagination: The Reference section begins on a new page b. Heading: References (in uppercase and lowercase letters), centered on the page. Do not bold. c. Format: Refer to the APA 6th Edition guide on Canvas or obtain from library VI. Appendices: Common uses of appendices are to present questionnaires, describe complex stimulus materials (e.g., photos or other graphics) or display items such as maps a. Pagination: Each Appendix begins on a separate page b. Heading: If there is only one appendix, then Appendix is centered on the first line. If there are multiple appendices, use Appendix A, Appendix B, etc. Give each Appendix a title, using uppercase and lowercase letters, and center it on the page. Do not bold. Refer to the attached file for clear instructions.
