This research utilizes a quantitative research approach attempting to administer a self-developed questionnaire to respondents from underrepresented populations. It enables quantitative comparison of responses on issues concerning health care institutions disparities.
Demographic Questions
The survey will include demographic questions to capture essential characteristics of participants, including:
Age
Race
Ethnicity
Gender
Research Questions and Hypotheses
Research Question: What are the key determinants of healthcare access disparities in underserved communities, and how can these disparities be effectively mitigated?
Hypothesis (H1): The patient population in the underrepresented areas will perceive more challenges to healthcare compared to healthier populations in more privileged neighborhoods.
Null Hypothesis (H0): Patients of underserved areas and those in well-resourced areas will not have a considerably dissimilar experience reporting barriers to accessing healthcare.
Research Question: How do patients perceive their healthcare providers?
Hypothesis (H1): Health care consumers with positive attitudes towards their healthcare providers will be compliant to preventive care measures.
Null Hypothesis (H0): Patient perceptions of healthcare providers will have no correlation with their participation in preventive care.
Research Question: How is communication between healthcare providers fragmented?
Hypothesis (H1): Lack of coordination in the kind of communication that is embraced by the health care practitioners, is a serious disservice to the clients.
Null Hypothesis (H0): Healthcare providers’ poor communication does not impact the satisfaction of the patients.
Data Collection
Participants will be emailed an invitation to complete the survey instrument that will be distributed through on Survey Monkey. The participants will be identified through the community related groups, healthcare facilities and through social networks. In recruitment, attention shall be made to persons from the targeted underrepresented populations.
Eligibility Criteria:
Participants must be adults aged 18 and older.
Participants must reside in underserved communities.
Participants should not be classified as part of a vulnerable population.
Approximately 100 individuals will be contacted to complete the survey voluntarily. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants, ensuring they understand the study’s purpose and their rights.
Data Analysis
All collected data will be put into a master excel sheet for analysis and organization. The main analysis of the secondary questionnaires will therefore be chi-square tests to find the relationships between demographic variables and other questions specifically those to do with healthcare accessibility and satisfaction.
Respond to three of your peers, suggesting another possible framework for their study. Respond again to check in with your cohort by asking a question, sharing an experience, responding to someone else, or adding helpful links and resources.
DEKONTEE
Summarize your research problem.
Building a wellness center that provides trauma therapy in underserved populations; to survivors of the Liberia civil war who are struggling with Long-term posttraumatic stress disorder also known as Complex-PTSD.
Identify and define two theories that might provide a framework’
In last week’s discussion I posted about Conceptual framework and Theoretical framework. I narrow it down to Theoretical framework because it describes everything I am trying to do within my research. “Set of concepts, theories, ideas, and assumptions that serve as a foundation for understanding a particular phenomenon or problem. It provides a conceptual framework that helps researchers to design and conduct their research, as well as to analyze and interpret their findings” (Theoretical Framework Hassan, 2023). Although Theoretical frameworks provide a particular perspective, or lens, through which to examine a topic, there are many different lenses, such as psychological theories and organizational theories.
Explain how both of your chosen theories or conceptual frameworks could work in your study.
Organizational theory seeks to understand how social organizations and companies operate. This theory is important because this information is needed for me to successfully fulfill the business side of my organization that will handle the wellness centers projects. The main elements of organizational also focus on people, environment, technology, and structure. These elements interact to help organizations achieve set goals and objectives (Forsyth, 2022).
According to K.S. LaBar, 2015 “Psychological theories explain the long-term consequences of human behavior and provide robust evidence-based clarifications as to why people believe, behave, and react how they do. These theories discuss factors of personality, early experiences, and interpersonal relations” (LaBar, 2015). This theory aligns perfectly with my research problem because the traumatic experiences from the civil war affected many people. Those who were severely affected and did not receive proper help after the war, behavior and how they treat others were affected and forever changed for the worse. They have turned to crime and violence. Repeating those same traumas, they went through. Which is why building wellness centers to provide treatments and therapy is important. Rehabilitation is desperately needed.
Explain how once you choose a framework it will influence the entire study.
It will influence the entire study because the framework helps with communication, prevents chaos inconsistency, bias in your research and confusion. It provides a clear and coherent structure for your research project.
The research problem that I would like to address is why is the Black maternal mortality rate so high. African American women face substandard health care which leads to a high rate of deaths during childbirth or shortly after. Racism has existed throughout human history. It may be defined as the hatred of one person by another or the belief that another person is less than human because of skin color, language, customs, place of birth, or any factor that supposedly reveals the basic nature of that person. According to the Kaiser Foundation (2023), “Black women are twice as likely than white women to have a preterm birth, which can lead to death or lifelong health problems. And pregnancy-related mortality rates among Black women are more than three times higher than white women.”
The two theories that I have identified as possibly providing a framework for my research would be Critical Race Theory and Conflict Theory although there are many theories that could be used to examine racism, prejudice, and discrimination in American society. Critical Race Theory was first developed by legal scholars in the 1970s and ‘80s following the Civil Rights Movement and explains that racism is rooted in laws, policies, and institutions that uphold and reproduce racial inequalities (Sawchuk, 2021). Conflict Theory was developed by Karl Marx and is rooted in the assumption that inequalities contribute to social differences and that social problems are inevitable (Marx, 1848).
Critical Race Theory can work in this study because it explains why societal issues such as Black Americans’ higher mortality rate, over-exposure to police violence and brutality, mass incarceration, lack of affordable housing, and the death rates of Black women in childbirth are not unrelated anomalies (Sawchuk, 2021). Additionally, Conflict Theory could work in this study because it addresses the vast differences in Black and White maternal death rates.
The theory I ultimately choose can guide the research, the questions, and the respondents which could lead to facilitating change and development in academia, and the research process will require that many different areas be researched to gain valuable background information (Walden, n.d-a).
The research problem is barriers to educational outcomes in minority men lead to research of experiences of incarcerated college minority males expelled from primary school. There are Barriers of implicit bias/systemic racism that lead to criminalizing students who face behavioral or emotional issues, leading to incarceration while experiencing high poverty rates.
Theory and Framework-
The theory that guides this study is Institutional Racism and its concept in a conceptual framework. In Institutional Racism, systemic and structural biases create an unfair and unjust racism that creates barriers in many areas, including expulsion in education.
Researching the theory of Institutional Racism is to research the adverse experiences of those incarcerated college students who were expelled. The implications of systemic racism of expelled students would suggest that if they weren’t removed, it would have prevented incarceration as remaining in school would have been an opportunity instead of criminal activity. Griffith (2007) The theory would aid in hypothesizing that those expelled didn’t experience an advocate who would assist in school success. With reading prior research on the school-to-prison pipeline, there is a gap in researching incarcerated males attending college, previously expelled from primary education, and unable to obtain an education.
Work within my study-
Within the conceptual framework, the study aims to determine the adverse experiences of incarcerated minority males attending college who were expelled in middle school, that the barrier to educational outcomes is due to treatment experiences of institutional racism of treatment of being expelled.
Theory and Framwerok utilized in my study-
The theory will assist my student in discussing the experiences of institutional racism with the students who had adverse experiences with expulsion rates due to systemic racism versus those who weren’t expelled. The student was removed from school and criminalized, which prevented educational outcomes.
References:
Purdy, E. R. (2021). Poverty and Social Exclusion. Salem Press Encyclopedia. (b) Correlation to poverty and outcomes in society (c) Living in poverty decreases social health opportunities (d) Social and economic factors prohibit benefits for education.
Griffith, D. M., Mason, M., Yonas, M., Eng., E., Jeffries, V., Plihcik, S., & Parks, B. (2007). Dismantling institutional racism: Theory and action. American Journal of Community Psychology, 39(34), 381–392.
